Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Costa Rica recovered well but growth prospects are worsening -- The fiscal outlook improved but remains challenging -- Spreading the benefits of integration in international trade -- Improving education and equality of opportunities -- 1 Key Policy Insights -- Costa Rica recovered well but faces substantial challenges -- Growth is mitigated by high inflationary pressures and the global outlook -- The recovery has further progressed -- Financial stability risks appear contained -- Macroeconomic policies can be further strengthened Adapting the monetary policy stance to contain inflation -- Improving debt sustainability and reinforcing the fiscal framework -- Maintaining fiscal prudence is key for debt sustainability -- Raising more revenue and enhancing the redistributive power of tax policy -- Strengthening the fiscal framework -- Improving public debt management -- Strengthening productivity growth -- Boosting productivity through more competition -- Reducing informality: a win-win for productivity and inclusiveness -- Further spreading the benefits of trade integration -- Closing infrastructure gaps Making the most of digitalisation -- Continuing to improve governance and reduce corruption -- Redoubling efforts to improve equality of opportunities -- Upgrading social protection -- Reducing gender inequalities -- Adapting the pension system to ageing -- Transitioning towards net carbon neutrality -- References -- 2 Improving the quality and efficiency of education and training in Costa Rica to better support growth and equity -- Strengthening pre-tertiary education -- Pre-tertiary education does not equip all students with sufficient skills -- Educational attainment could be increased further The quality of education needs to improve -- Inequality in education is high -- Expanding coverage and quality of early childhood education and care services -- Fully implementing the curricula reform -- Better supporting students at risk of educational exclusion -- Improving school infrastructure -- Strengthening the digitalisation of education -- Improving the quality of teachers -- Improving the selection of students accessing programmes in education -- Improving the hiring system -- Strengthening teachers' in-service training -- Strengthening the appraisal process Improving the governance and regulation of Education and Administrative Boards -- Prioritise spending in early stages of education to better support growth and equity -- Improving tertiary education -- Boosting tertiary graduation rates and improving spending efficiency on tertiary education -- Improving access to tertiary education for vulnerable groups -- Making STEM fields more attractive to students, especially women -- Making public university funding more efficient, accountable and transparent -- Improving spending efficiency at public universities -- Broadening the sources of revenues…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Reid ; Teen films : the cinematic image of youth / Timothy Shary ; Re-presenting the national past : nostalgia and pastiche in the heritage film / Andrew Higson ; Global noir : genre film in the age of transnationalism / David Desser…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Executive summary 7 Introduction  11 Immediate response by NEA member countries  15 -Initiating events 16 -Loss of safety functions 18 -Accident management  23 -Defence-in-depth 24 -Emergency preparedness and planning 27 -Radiological protection 28 -Post-accident recovery and clean-up 29 -Regulatory infrastructure 30 NEA initial considerations and approach 31 NEA actions in follow-up to the Fukushima Daiichi accident  35 -Nuclear regulation 35 --Accident management  35 --Defence-in-depth (DiD) concept and implementation  36 --Review of precursor events 37 --Regulation of nuclear site selection 37 --Crisis communication 37 -Nuclear safety  38 --Human performance under extreme conditions 38 --Filtered containment venting 38 --Hydrogen management 39 --Robustness of electrical systems 39 --Spent fuel pool accident conditions 40 --Risk analysis for natural external hazards 40 --High seismic loads on metallic components  40 --Software tools for the estimation of fission product releases 41 -Joint research projects  42 --Benchmark Study of the Accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (BSAF)  43 --Hydrogen Mitigation Experiments for Reactor Safety (HYMERES) 43 --PWR transient tests under postulated accident scenarios (PKL phase 3)  44 --Advanced Thermal-hydraulic Test Loop for Accident Simulation (ATLAS) 45 -New reactors 45 -Radiological protection 46 --Radiological protection aspects of the Fukushima Daiichi NPP accident 46 --Nuclear emergencies  47 --Information System on Occupational Exposure (ISOE)  48 -Support for the ICRP dialogue initiative  49 -Legal framework and liabilities 49 Direct support to Japan by the NEA 51 Key messages  53 -Assurance of safety  53 -Shared responsibilities 53 -Human and organisational factors 54 -Defence-in-depth (DiD)  54 -Stakeholder engagement 55 -Crisis communication 55 -International aspects of emergency preparedness 56 -Trade and transport issues 56 -Research and development 56 -International co-operation and the NEA contribution  56 Conclusions 59 Acknowledgements 61 List of acronyms and abbreviations 63…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Natural Gas -- Overview -- Supply and demand -- Imports and transit -- Storage and security of supply -- Prices -- Market reform and industry structure -- Emergency response policy and emergency organisation -- Critique -- Recommendations -- 7. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Front Cover; Contents; Preface; Editors; Contributors; Part I - Modelling and Simulations of Manufacturing Systems; Chapter 1 - Modelling Manufacturing Systems with Place/Transition Nets and Timed Petri Nets; Chapter 2 - Modelling Manufacturing Systems in a Dioid Framework; Chapter 3 - Modelling Manufacturing Systems and Inventory Control Systems with Hybrid Petri Nets; Chapter 4 - Hybrid Models for the Control and Optimization of Manufacturing Systems; Chapter 5 - Freight Transportation in Distributed Logistic Chains; Part II - Supervisory Control of Manufacturing Systems…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Simple Gradients; Gradiated Gradients; Transparency Gradients; Controlling the Color Transition…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Front Cover -- Comparative Urban Research from Theory to Practice -- Copyright information -- Table of contents -- List of figures and tables -- List of abbreviations -- Notes on the editors -- Notes on contributors -- One Introduction: from unilocal to comparative transdisciplinary urban co-production of knowledge -- Co-production as a research approach -- Global challenges and the urban -- Mistra Urban Futures: a centre for transdisciplinary co-produced research on urban futures -- From local to comparative research -- Overview of the book's contents -- Notes -- References Two From unilocal to comparative research: the Mistra Urban Futures journey -- Introduction -- Methodological lessons from unilocal transdisciplinary co-produced research -- A transition towards comparative transdisciplinary co-production: challenges foreseen -- Reasons for comparing co-produced and transdisciplinary research -- Learning from comparative co-produced research -- Early assumed outcomes -- A typological framework for comparative transdisciplinary knowledge co-production -- Discussion -- Notes -- References -- Three Local projects retrofitted -- Introduction -- Retrofitting Strategies for and experiences of building retrofitted comparative projects -- Comparative dimensions during the process -- Choice of city for comparison -- Targeted expertise of the research team -- Setting up a research demonstration site -- Real scientific evidence -- Analysis of waste management technologies -- Waste governance and networks -- Privatisation of waste management services in the city -- Benefits -- Limitations encountered during the project -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References Four Replicating projects for comparative research: Mistra Urban Futures' experiences with comparative work on knowledge excha -- Introduction -- Replication -- Mistra Urban Futures' initial work on knowledge exchange, food and transport -- Knowledge exchange -- Food -- Transport -- The comparative projects -- Knowledge exchange -- Food -- Transport -- Conclusion -- References -- Five Clustering and assemblage building -- Introduction -- Setting the scene: a chronology -- Defining the theme: migration and urban development -- The initial step: commonalities of international and internal migration Consolidation: four transformative themes -- Advancement: process as outcome -- Theorising clustering -- Knowledge alliances -- Assemblage building -- Entry points -- Benefits and challenges -- Process design and group consolidation -- Uncertainty and the role of a narrative -- Contribution to realising just cities -- Clustering as a method for cross-city learning in globalised societies -- Ways forward -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- Six Internationally initiated projects with local co-production: Urban Sustainable Development Goal project -- Introduction…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Chapter 21: The Multistage Test Implementation of the GRE Revised General TestChapter 22: The Multistage Testing Approach to the AICPA Uniform Certified Public Accounting Examinations; Chapter 23: Transitioning a K-12 Assessment from Linear to Multistage Tests; Chapter 24: A Multistage Testing Approach to Group-Score Assessments; Chapter 25: Controlling Multistage Testing Exposure Rates in International Large-Scale Assessments; Chapter 26: Software Tools for Multistage Testing Simulations; Part VI: Closing Remarks; Chapter 27: Past and Future of Multistage Testing in Educational Reform…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Monitoring integration patternWeb storage archive pattern; Weighted transition pattern; Hybrid backup pattern; Summary; Chapter 10: Patterns for Networking; OnDemand NAT pattern; Management network pattern; Functional firewall pattern; Operational firewall pattern; Web application firewall pattern; Multiple load balancer pattern; Summary; Chapter 11: Throw-away Environments; Infrastructure as code; CloudFormation; Packer; Fugue; Temporary development environments; Continuous integration; Summary; Index…”