Tabla de Contenidos: “…2.4.2 It Is Now Necessary to Address the Maximum Tolerable Risk -- 2.4.3 The Propagation to Fatality -- 2.4.4 Scenarios with Both Societal and Individual Implications -- 2.5 Example Involving Both Individual and Societal Risk -- 2.5.1 Individual Risk Argument -- 2.5.2 Societal Risk Argument -- 2.5.3 Conclusion -- 3 - Meeting IEC 61508 Part 2 -- 3.1 Organizing and Managing the Life Cycle -- Sections 7.1 of the Standard: Table '1' -- 3.2 Requirements Involving the Specification -- Section 7.2 of the Standard: Table B1 (avoidance) -- (a) The safety requirements specification -- (b) Separation of functions -- 3.3 Requirements for Design and Development -- Section 7.4 of the Standard: Table B2 (avoidance) -- 3.3.1 Features of the Design -- Sections 7.4.1-7.4.11 excluding 7.4.4 and 7.4.5 -- 3.3.2 Architectures (i.e., SFF) -- Section 7.4.4 Tables '2' and '3' -- 3.3.3 Random Hardware Failures -- Section 7.4.5 -- 3.4 Integration and Test (Referred to as Verification) -- Section 7.5 and 7.9 of the Standard Table B3 (avoidance) -- 3.5 Operations and Maintenance -- Section 7.6 Table B4 (avoidance) -- 3.6 Validation (Meaning Overall Acceptance Test and the Close Out of Actions) -- Section 7.3 and 7.7: Table B5 -- 3.7 Safety Manuals -- Section 7.4.9.3-7 and App D -- 3.8 Modifications -- Section 7.8 -- 3.9 Acquired Subsystems -- 3.10 "Proven in Use" (Referred to as Route 2s in the Standard) -- 3.11 ASICs and CPU Chips -- (a) Digital ASICs and User Programmable ICs -- Section 7.4.6.7 and Annex F of the Standard -- (b) Digital ICs with On-Chip Redundancy (up to SIL 3) -- Annex E of the Standard -- 3.12 Conformance Demonstration Template -- IEC 61508 Part 2 -- 4 - Meeting IEC 61508 Part 3 -- 4.1 Organizing and Managing the Software Engineering -- 4.1.1 Section 7.1 and Annex G of the Standard Table "1" -- 4.2 Requirements Involving the Specification…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…References -- Chapter 3 Safe and Reliable Smart City Design Based on Blockchain Technology -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Blockchain Technology -- 3.1.2 Use of Blockchain in Smart City -- 3.1.3 Objective of Work -- 3.2 Related Work -- 3.2.1 Problem Statement -- 3.3 Blockchain Technology for Smart Cities -- 3.3.1 Application of the System -- 3.3.2 Blockchain Technology's Many Advantages in the Modern Smart City -- 3.4 Methods -- 3.4.1 Blockchain-Based Smart City Infrastructure -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Blockchain and Digital Twin for Enhancing Personal Security in Modern Cities -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Digital Twin -- 4.2.1 Digital Twins in Manufacturing Industry -- 4.2.2 Integration with Emerging Technologies -- 4.2.3 Real-World Reflection Through Sensors -- 4.2.4 Land Management and Global Concerns -- 4.2.5 Increasing Importance of Information Technologies -- 4.2.6 Advancements in IoT and Connectivity -- 4.2.7 Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Digital Twins -- 4.2.8 Cloud Computing Empowering Digital Twins -- 4.2.9 Impact of 5G Technology -- 4.2.10 Smart Cities and the Growing Application Field -- 4.2.11 Big Data's Role in Informed Decision Making -- 4.3 Digital Twin and Metaverse -- 4.3.1 Virtual Prototyping and Design Optimization -- 4.3.2 Healthcare Integration for Personalized Medicine -- 4.3.3 The Intersection of Digital Twins and the Metaverse -- 4.3.4 Immersive Collaborative Environments -- 4.3.5 Enhanced Virtual Experiences Through Data Fusion -- 4.3.6 Challenges and Future Developments -- 4.3.7 Data Privacy and Security Concerns -- 4.3.8 Standardization and Interoperability -- 4.4 Blockchain Technology -- 4.4.1 Overview of Blockchain Technology -- 4.4.2 Data Checking and Analysis -- 4.4.3 Immutable History -- 4.4.4 Potential Problem Solving -- 4.4.5 Rapid Adoption by Major Companies…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…5.4.1 Different deployment strategies for UAVs in healthcare -- 5.4.2 Logistical considerations -- 5.5 Security challenges and solutions -- 5.5.1 Security challenges associated with UAVs in healthcare -- 5.5.2 Potential solutions and mitigation strategies -- 5.5.3 Importance of regulatory compliance and adherence to safety standards -- 5.6 Regulatory and legal framework -- 5.6.1 Need for standardized regulations and guidelines to ensure safe and ethical use of UAVs -- 5.7 Conclusion and future scope -- References -- Chapter 6: Blockchain technologies using machine learning -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Understanding blockchain technologies -- 6.2.1 Introduction to blockchain -- 6.2.2 Key components of a blockchain network -- 6.2.3 Consensus mechanisms and their impact -- 6.2.4 Benefits and limitations of BCT -- 6.2.4.1 Benefits of BCT -- 6.2.4.2 Limitations of BCT -- 6.3 ML fundamentals -- 6.3.1 Overview of ML -- 6.3.2 Types of ML algorithms -- 6.3.2.1 Supervised learning algorithms -- 6.3.2.2 Unsupervised learning algorithms -- 6.3.2.3 Semi-supervised learning algorithms -- 6.3.2.4 Reinforcement learning algorithms -- 6.3.2.5 Deep learning algorithms -- 6.3.3 Data pre-processing and feature engineering -- 6.3.3.1 Data pre-processing -- 6.3.3.2 Feature engineering -- 6.4 Evaluating ML models -- 6.4.1 Common evaluation metrics -- 6.5 Synergies between blockchain and ML -- 6.5.1 Combining ML models on the blockchain -- 6.6 Applications of blockchain and ML integration -- 6.7 Challenges and limitations in BCT and ML integration -- 6.7.1 Scalability issues -- 6.7.2 Data availability and quality -- 6.7.3 Regulatory and legal challenges -- 6.7.4 Trusted oracles and data feeds -- 6.7.5 Energy efficiency concerns -- 6.8 Future prospects and research directions -- 6.8.1 Federated learning on blockchain networks…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Chapter 10 An Introduction to Security in Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Allusion Design of IoT -- 10.2.1 Stage 1-Edge Tool -- 10.2.2 Stage 2-Connectivity -- 10.2.3 Stage 3-Fog Computing -- 10.2.4 Stage 4-Data Collection -- 10.2.5 Stage 5-Data Abstraction -- 10.2.6 Stage 6-Applications -- 10.2.7 Stage 7-Cooperation and Processes -- 10.3 Vulnerabilities of IoT -- 10.3.1 The Properties and Relationships of Various IoT Networks -- 10.3.2 Device Attacks -- 10.3.3 Attacks on Network -- 10.3.4 Some Other Issues -- 10.3.4.1 Customer Delivery Value -- 10.3.4.2 Compatibility Problems With Equipment -- 10.3.4.3 Compatibility and Maintenance -- 10.3.4.4 Connectivity Issues in the Field of Data -- 10.3.4.5 Incorrect Data Collection and Difficulties -- 10.3.4.6 Security Concern -- 10.3.4.7 Problems in Computer Confidentiality -- 10.4 Challenges in Technology -- 10.4.1 Skepticism of Consumers -- 10.5 Analysis of IoT Security -- 10.5.1 Sensing Layer Security Threats -- 10.5.1.1 Node Capturing -- 10.5.1.2 Malicious Attack by Code Injection -- 10.5.1.3 Attack by Fake Data Injection -- 10.5.1.4 Sidelines Assaults -- 10.5.1.5 Attacks During Booting Process -- 10.5.2 Network Layer Safety Issues -- 10.5.2.1 Attack on Phishing Page -- 10.5.2.2 Attacks on Access -- 10.5.2.3 Attacks on Data Transmission -- 10.5.2.4 Attacks on Routing -- 10.5.3 Middleware Layer Safety Issues -- 10.5.3.1 Attack by SQL Injection -- 10.5.3.2 Attack by Signature Wrapping -- 10.5.3.3 Cloud Attack Injection with Malware -- 10.5.3.4 Cloud Flooding Attack -- 10.5.4 Gateways Safety Issues -- 10.5.4.1 On-Boarding Safely -- 10.5.4.2 Additional Interfaces -- 10.5.4.3 Encrypting End-to-End -- 10.5.5 Application Layer Safety Issues -- 10.5.5.1 Theft of Data -- 10.5.5.2 Attacks at Interruption in Service -- 10.5.5.3 Malicious Code Injection Attack…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Kotlin Data Types,Variables and Nullability -- 12.1 Kotlin Data Types -- 12.1.1 Integer Data Types -- 12.1.2 Floating Point Data Types -- 12.1.3 Boolean Data Type -- 12.1.4 Character Data Type -- 12.1.5 String Data Type -- 12.1.6 Escape Sequences -- 12.2 Mutable Variables -- 12.3 Immutable Variables -- 12.4 Declaring Mutable and Immutable Variables -- 12.5 Data Types are Objects -- 12.6 Type Annotations and Type Inference -- 12.7 Nullable Type -- 12.8 The Safe Call Operator -- 12.9 Not-Null Assertion -- 12.10 Nullable Types and the let Function -- 12.11 Late Initialization (lateinit) -- 12.12 The Elvis Operator -- 12.13 Type Casting and Type Checking -- 12.14 Summary -- 13. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Geleitwort von Per Kall -- Geleitwort von Martin Bucksteeg und Ralf Engler -- Vorwort -- Teil I - Grundlagen zum IT Service Management, ITIL und ITIL 4 -- 1 ITIL und IT Service Management -- 1.1 ITIL - ein erster Überblick -- 1.2 Grundlegende Begriffe im Service Management -- 1.2.1 Dienstleistungen (Services) -- 1.2.1.1 Wertschöpfungskonfiguration -- 1.2.1.2 Gestaltung von Dienstleistungsprozessen -- 1.2.2 Dienstleistungen in der IT (IT Services) -- 1.3 IT-Dienstleistungsmanagement mit ITIL -- 1.3.1 ITIL als Best Practice -- 1.3.2 Chancen und Vorteile -- 1.3.3 Risiken und Hemmnisse -- 1.4 Die Inhalte des ITIL 4 Frameworks -- 1.4.1 ITIL Service Value System -- 1.4.2 Vier-Dimensionen-Modell -- 1.5 Enterprise Service Management (ESM) -- 1.6 Zusammenfassung -- 1.7 Beispielfragen -- 2 ITIL und ITSM-Veröffentlichungen im Überblick -- 2.1 Die ITIL-Historie -- 2.1.1 ITIL V 1 -- 2.1.2 ITIL V 2 -- 2.1.3 ITIL V 3, ITIL Edition 2007 -- 2.1.4 ITIL V 3, ITIL Edition 2011 -- 2.1.5 ITIL Practitioner -- 2.1.6 ITIL 4 -- 2.2 Frameworks und Best Practices als ITIL-Inhalte -- 2.3 Weitere nicht proprietäre und proprietäre ITSM Frameworks -- 2.3.1 FitSM -- 2.3.2 YaSM -- 2.3.3 VeriSM -- 2.3.4 BSM -- 2.3.4.1 Services und Service Management -- 2.3.4.2 Menschen und Mitarbeiter -- 2.3.4.3 Practices -- 2.3.4.4 Tools und Technik der IT -- 2.3.5 CMMI-SVC -- 2.3.5.1 CMMI-Modelle -- 2.3.5.2 CMMI für Dienstleistungen -- 2.3.6 USMBOK -- 2.3.7 IT4IT -- 2.3.8 Agile Skalierungsframeworks -- 2.3.8.1 SAFe -- 2.3.8.2 Large Scale Scrum (LeSS) -- 2.4 Zusammenfassung -- Teil II - ITL 4 -- 3 Schlüsselkonzepte in ITIL 4 -- 3.1 Service Management und der Wertbeitrag für den Kunden -- 3.2 Stakeholder -- 3.3 Services und Produkte für die Wertschöpfung -- 3.4 Service-Beziehungen -- 3.5 Bestandteile des (Mehr-)Werts -- 3.5.1 Output und Ergebnis (Outcome) -- 3.5.2 Kosten -- 3.5.3 Risiken…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…-- 1.1.3 Why a BMS Is Required in Any Energy Storage System -- 1.1.4 How a BMS Makes a Storage System Efficient, Safe, and Dependable -- 1.2 Example of a BMS in a Real System -- 1.2.1 LabView Based BMS -- 1.2.2 PLC Based BMS -- 1.2.3 Microprocessor Based BMS -- 1.2.4 Microcontroller Based BMS -- 1.3 System Failures Due to the Absence of a BMS -- 1.3.1 Dreamline Boeing Fire Incidences -- 1.3.2 Fire Accident at the Hawaii Grid Connected Energy Storage -- 1.3.3 Fire Accidents in Electric Vehicles -- References -- 2 General Requirements (Functions and Features) -- 2.1 Basic Functions of a BMS -- 2.1.1 Key Parameter Monitoring -- 2.1.2 Battery State Analysis -- 2.1.3 Safety Management -- 2.1.4 Energy Control Management -- 2.1.5 Information Management -- 2.2 Topological Structure of a BMS -- 2.2.1 Relationship Between a BMC and a Cell -- 2.2.2 Relationship Between a BCU and a BMC -- References -- 3 General Procedure of the BMS Design -- 3.1 Universal Battery Management System and Customized Battery Management System -- 3.1.1 Ideal Condition -- 3.1.2 Feasible Solution -- 3.1.3 Discussion of Universality -- 3.2 General Development Flow of the Power Battery Management System -- 3.2.1 Applicable Standards for BMS Development -- 3.2.2 Boundary of BMS Development -- 3.2.3 Battery Characteristic Test Is Essential to BMS Development -- 3.3 Core Status of Battery Modeling in the BMS Development Process -- References -- Part II Li-Ion Batteries -- 4 Introduction to Li-Ion Batteries -- 4.1 Components of Li-Ion Batteries: Electrodes, Electrolytes, Separators, and Cell Packing -- 4.2 Li-Ion Electrode Manufacturing…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…9.4.2 Calculation for Even Numbers -- 9.4.3 Corollaries -- 9.4.4 Code Snippet -- 9.4.5 Output -- 9.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10 Solution of Matrix Games With Pay.Offs of Single-Valued Neutrosophic Numbers and Its Application to Market Share Problem -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Preliminaries -- 10.3 Matrix Games With SVNN Pay-Offs and Concept of Solution -- 10.4 Mathematical Model Construction for SVNNMG -- 10.4.1 Algorithm for Solving SVNNMG -- 10.5 Numerical Example -- 10.5.1 A Market Share Problem -- 10.5.2 The Solution Procedure and Result Discussion -- 10.5.3 Analysis and Comparison of Results With Li and Nanfs Approach -- 10.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 A Novel Score Function-Based EDAS Method for the Selection of a Vacant Post of a Company with q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Data -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Preliminaries -- 11.3 A Novel Score Function of q-ROFNs -- 11.3.1 Some Existing q-ROF Score Functions -- 11.3.2 A Novel Score Function of q-ROFNs -- 11.4 EDAS Method for q-ROF MADM Problem -- 11.5 Numerical Example -- 11.6 Comparative Analysis -- 11.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 12 Complete Generalized Soft Lattice -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Soft Sets and Soft Elements.Some Basic Concepts -- 12.3 gs-Posets and gs-Chains -- 12.4 Soft Isomorphism and Duality of gs-Posets -- 12.5 gs-Lattices and Complete gs-Lattices -- 12.6 s-Closure System and s-Moore Family -- 12.7 Complete gs-Lattices From s-Closure Systems -- 12.8 A Representation Theorem of a Complete gs-Lattice as an s-Closure System -- 12.9 gs-Lattices and Fixed Point Theorem -- References -- Chapter 13 Data Representation and Performance in a Prediction Model -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.1.1 Various Methods for Predictive Modeling -- 13.1.2 Problem Definition -- 13.2 Data Description and Representations -- 13.3 Experiment and Result…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…4.7.7 Sample Data Flow for Exception Handling -- 4.7.8 Sample Data Flow through Digital Twin Applications -- 4.7.9 Development Considerations -- 4.8 Database Considerations -- 4.9 Messaging -- 4.10 Interfaces -- 4.11 User Experience -- 4.12 Cyber Security -- 4.13 Use Case Coverage -- 4.14 Future Direction and Trends -- 4.15 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Role of Digital Twin Technology in Medical Sector-Toward Ensuring Safe Healthcare -- 5.1 Introduction to Digital Twin -- 5.2 Generic Applications of Digital Twin -- 5.3 Digital Twin Applications in Medical Field -- 5.3.1 Biosignal and Physiological Parameters Analysis for Body Area Network -- 5.3.2 Medicinal Drug Delivery -- 5.3.3 Surgical Preplanning -- 5.3.4 COVID 19 Screening and Diagnosis -- 5.4 Ongoing and Future Applications of Digital Twin in Healthcare Sector -- 5.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 Digital Twin as a Revamping Tool for Construction Industry -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Introduction to Digital Twin -- 6.3 Overview of Digital Twin in Construction -- 6.4 The Perks of Digital Twin -- 6.5 The Evolution of Digital Twin -- 6.6 Application of Digital Twin Technology in Construction Industry -- 6.7 Digital Twins Application for Construction Working Personnel Safety -- 6.8 Digital Twin Applications in Smart City Construction -- 6.9 Discussion -- 6.10 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7 Digital Twin Applications and Challenges in Healthcare -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Digital Twin -- 7.3 Applications of Digital Twin -- 7.3.1 Smart Cities -- 7.3.2 Manufacturing Sector -- 7.3.3 Healthcare -- 7.3.4 Aviation -- 7.3.5 The Disney Park -- 7.4 Challenges with Digital Twin -- 7.5 Digital Twin in Healthcare -- 7.5.1 Digital Twin for Hospital Workflow Management -- 7.5.2 Digital Twin for a Healthcare Facility…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…-- Summary -- Key Terms -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2: Move to Cloud Computing -- 2.1 Pros and Cons of Cloud Computing -- 2.1.1 Advantages of Cloud Computing in IT Field -- 2.1.2 The Fixed Cost Advantage -- 2.1.3 Keeping Data Safe -- 2.1.4 The Possible Disadvantages of Cloud Computing -- 2.1.5 Advantages of Cloud Computing -- 2.1.6 Disadvantages of Cloud Computing -- 2.2 Nature of the Cloud -- 2.2.1 Leveraging the Internet to Change the World -- 2.3 Technologies in Cloud Computing -- 2.3.1 Other Cloud-related Technologies -- 2.3.2 Working of Cloud -- 2.3.3 Key Characteristic of Cloud and its Role -- 2.4 Migrating into the Cloud -- 2.4.1 Cloud Computing Migration Issues: What You Need to Know? …”

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