“…It provides an overview of world coal developments covering coal production and coal reserves, coal demand by type, coal trade and coal prices. A detailed and comprehensive statistical picture of historical and current coal developments in the OECD member countries, by region and individually is presented in tables and charts. …”

“…Attachée aux principes de partenariats, elle donne aux organisations multilatérales, de la société civile et du secteur privé les moyens de réaliser leur mandat. Alors que la Belgique sort d'une période de réforme institutionnelle, cet examen par les pairs donne des pistes pour renforcer le pilotage stratégique de sa coopération au développement, approfondir les synergies entre ses actions de développement, humanitaire et en faveur de la paix, et améliorer la gestion des ressources humaines…”

“…The first concerns housing: strong population growth and supply constraints have made prices surge, which worsens affordability and creates vulnerabilities for some households and some banks. …”

“…Il offre également une description des dispositions contractuelles des enseignants et chefs d'établissement ainsi que des possibilités qui s'offrent à eux de s'engager dans des tâches professionnelles comme le travail en équipe, la prise de décision autonome, et les pratiques d'encadrement…”

“…Quel que soit le type d’établissement fréquenté (public ou privé, favorisé ou défavorisé), en 2012, les élèves de 15 ans ont passé plus de temps en cours de mathématiques que leurs homologues en 2003. …”

“…These include: supplementing the existing deficit rule by an expenditure rule; increasing flexibility in public sector wages and job tenure; reforming the funding system of local governments; raising the contestability of public service provision; intensifying the use of price signals and improving incentives to reduce the ..…”

“…Market-based adjustment to demand shocks depends critically on whether the effect of a lower real interest rate is strong relative to the loss in competitiveness, on the size of wealth effects, on wage and price setting behavior, on the supply response and on the strength of trade integration. …”

“…Airports have substantial market power due to the low price elasticity of their aeronautical services. …”

“…The NAIRU (non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment) in this paper is based on structural estimates of the price setting behaviour of firms and the wage setting behaviour of trade unions. …”

“…This is because, in contrast to renewable energy or applications of energy efficiency, CCS generates no revenue, nor other market benefits, so long as there is no price on CO2 emissions. It is both costly to install and, once in place, has increased operating costs. …”

“…The paper focuses specifically on: the transmission channel from housing wealth to consumption and on the factors behind house price variability, which help to determine whether the housing sector plays a stabilising role or not. …”

“…The gas industry is perhaps Russia’s least reformed major sector. Prices are regulated, exports are monopolised and the domestic market is dominated by a state-controlled, vertically integrated monopolist, OAO Gazprom. …”

“…From the 1970s, the breakdown of supply and almost continuous erosion of demand gave way to a negative spiral leading to the informalisation, even criminalisation, of whole sectors until the country entered a war economy at the end of the 1990s. The prime reason for such a state of affairs was the atrocious governance record of the Mobutu and Laurent Désiré Kabila régimes - respectively supported, then abandoned by the Great Powers during the Cold War and manipulated by powerful regional neighbours. …”

“…In theory, globalisation can increase inequality through its impact on prices or wages or by curbing the government’s ability to implement policies. …”

“…This has lead to weak competition in a number of sectors, resulting in high prices, weak innovative activity and inefficient resource allocation. …”

“…There remain large cross-country divergences in participation rates that are largely accounted for by differences in participation of specific groups, in particular prime-age women, older workers and also youth. This suggests that policies targeting these groups could have important effects. …”

“…Costs of environmental degradation were estimated at approximately 5% of GDP in 2011, primarily from the health impact of air pollution, while overexploitation of natural resources – such as water – threatens their sustainability. Subsidies and prices do not reflect environmental externalities or cost of providing natural resources, including scarcity costs. …”

“…Even in 2006, an unusually calm period in light of the number of presidential elections, markets remained highly sensitivity to elections: the day following Felipe Calderón's narrow victory in July's 2006 Mexican presidential elections, the stock market gained almost 5 per cent in a day, bond prices soared and the peso saw its biggest one-day appreciation in six years…”

“…More recently, there are signs that financial market prices have increasingly moved in sympathy across countries, and the final section of the paper illustrates how this could affect the international transmission of cyclical shocks and the associated need for policy ..…”

“…Restructuring plans in the network industries, notably electricity and gas, have lagged behind schedule. Price distortions and the absence of independent ..…”