Tabla de Contenidos: “…The Permeability of the Lipid Bilayer -- Transport Proteins -- Concept 5.3 Passive transport is diffusion of a substance across a membrane with no energy investment -- Effects of Osmosis on Water Balance -- Facilitated Diffusion: Passive Transport Aided by Proteins -- Concept 5.4 Active transport uses energy to move solutes against their gradients -- The Need for Energy in Active Transport -- How Ion Pumps Maintain Membrane Potential -- Cotransport: Coupled Transport by a Membrane Protein -- Concept 5.5 Bulk transport across the plasma membrane occurs by exocytosis and endocytosis -- Exocytosis -- Endocytosis -- Concept 5.6 The plasma membrane plays a key role in most cell signaling -- Local and Long-Distance Signaling -- The Three Stages of Cell Signaling: A preview -- Reception, the Binding of a Signaling Molecule to a Receptor Protein -- Transduction by Cascades of Molecular Interactions -- Response: Regulation of Transcription or Cytoplasmic Activities -- 6 Introduction to Metabolism -- Overview The Energy of Life -- Concept 6.1 An organism's metabolism transforms matter and energy -- Metabolic Pathways -- Forms of Energy -- The Laws of Energy Transformation -- Concept 6.2 The free-energy change of a reaction tells us whether or not the reaction occurs spontaneously -- Free-Energy Change (DG), Stability, and Equilibrium -- Free Energy and Metabolism -- Concept 6.3 ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions -- The Structure and Hydrolysis of ATP -- How ATP Provides Energy that Performs Work -- The Regeneration of ATP -- Concept 6.4 Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lowering energy barriers -- The Activation Energy Barrier -- How Enzymes Speed Up Reactions -- Substrate Specificity of Enzymes -- Catalysis in the Enzyme's Active Site -- Effects of Local Conditions on Enzyme Activity…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Membrane Structure and Function -- 5.1 Visualizing The Concept Membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins with many functions -- 5.2 Evolution Connection The spontaneous formation of membranes was a critical step in the origin of life -- 5.3 Passive transport is diffusion across a membrane with no energy investment -- 5.4 Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a membrane -- 5.5 Water balance between cells and their surroundings is crucial to organisms -- 5.6 Transport proteins can facilitate diffusion across membranes -- 5.7 Scientific Thinking Research on another membrane protein led to the discovery of aquaporins -- 5.8 Cells expend energy in the active transport of a solute -- 5.9 Exocytosis and endocytosis transport large molecules across membranes -- Energy and the Cell -- 5.10 Cells transform energy and matter as they perform work -- 5.11 Chemical reactions either release or store energy -- 5.12 ATP drives cellular work by coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions -- How Enzymes Function -- 5.13 Enzymes speed up the cell's chemical reactions by lowering energy barriers -- 5.14 A specific enzyme catalyzes each cellular reaction -- 5.15 Enzyme inhibition can regulate enzyme activity in a cell -- 5.16 Many drugs, pesticides, and poisons are enzyme inhibitors -- Chapter Review -- 6 How Cells Harvestchemical Energy -- Cellular Respiration: Aerobic Harvesting of Energy -- 6.1 Photosynthesis and cellular respiration provide energy for life -- 6.2 Breathing supplies O2 for use in cellular respiration and removes CO2 -- 6.3 Cellular respiration banks energy in ATP molecules -- 6.4 The human body uses energy from ATP for all its activities -- 6.5 Cells capture energy from electrons "falling" from organic fuels to oxygen -- Stages of Cellular Respiration -- 6.6 Overview: cellular respiration occurs in three main stages…”