“…This collection of research papers and reviews focuses on how these changes are likely to interact with two important factors, clonal growth in plants and the introduction of species into new regions by humans, to reshape the ecology of our world. Clonal growth is vegetative reproduction in which offspring remain attached to the parent at least until establishment. …”

“…However, polysaccharides such as cellulose, xylans, resistant starch, and inulin that are found in vegetables in our diet are digested by certain species that colonize the intestines. …”

“…Most of them are assembled in regulatory pathways, which converge to central integrators which trigger the transition of the vegetative into an inflorescence meristem. For crop cultivation, the time of flowering is of upmost importance, because it determines yield. …”

“…Eight chapters follow devoted to aquatic organisms: algae, fungi and bacteria, aquatic and riverine vegetation, invertebrates, fish, amphibians and reptiles, mammals, and birds. …”

“…We discuss the latest techniques and applications to cereals, roots and tubers, oilseed crops, fruit and forest trees, vegetables, legumes and algae including resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, improved quality, drug production, yield and adaptation to climate change. …”

“…Topics may include, but are not limited to: Managements of ash forests and potential replacements, nutrient and vegetation dynamics, greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration and cycling, hydrologic impacts, and pre or post-infestation silvicultural approaches or management strategies…”

“…Due to deforestation, half of the earth's vegetation surface has reduced to one-third, resulting in large degraded areas. …”