“…Plants, including vegetables, are an essential element of the human diet, considering their dense nutritional content and bioactive content that could assist in boosting nutritional quality and food security. …”

“…These conditions are modern phenomena - the vegetative diagnostic category was first created in the early 1970s (Jennett and Plum, 1972) and the 'minimally conscious state' [MCS] was only defined in 2002 (Giacino et al., 2002). …”

“…Most of the studies were carried out in the framework of the International Cooperative Program on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Crops (ICP Vegetation) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)…”

“…Currently, palm oil is the world's leader in the vegetable oil industry with a yearly production and consumption of approximately 45.3 million tons, which almost covers 60% of the global trade of vegetable oils in the international market. …”

“…Phytochemicals provides original research work and reviews on the sources of phytochemicals, and their roles in disease prevention, supplementation, and accumulation in fruits and vegetables. The roles of anthocyanin, flavonoids, carotenoids, and taxol are presented in separate chapters. …”

“…Local landscape and vegetation development, cross-regional cultural developments and global climatic events were of great significance to the farmer-fisher communities at Vik throughout these periods. …”

“…Table olives are a traditional fermented vegetable with many centuries of history, particularly in the Mediterranean basin, where this food has had a great influence on the culture and diet of many countries. …”

“…These plants are important sources of vegetable oil, vegetables, and condiments. Most of these crops belong to the genus Brassica, which includes common crops such as oilseeds (oilseed rape, mustard) and vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, cabbage, turnip, Chinese cabbage, etc.). …”

“…Further, the huge contribution of C sequestered in the vegetation and its underlain soil helps to protect socio-economic damages from climate change. …”

“…Si la géographie des forêts tient une large place dans le champ de la géographie de la végétation, la question de la forêt privée reste, paradoxalement, assez peu étudiée. …”

“…The Special Issue presents valuable information on the perspective of using cereals/pseudocereal grains, vegetable byproducts, or flour processed by applying various techniques in baked goods and pasta products. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…20.3 Latest Developments in Optical Remote Sensing -- 20.3.1 Introduction to Representative Optical Satellite Sensors -- 20.4 Processing of Remote Sensing Satellite Images -- 20.4.1 Image Pre-processing -- 20.4.2 Image Processing -- 20.4.3 Image Post-Processing -- 20.5 Applications of Optical Remote Sensing -- 20.5.1 Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping -- 20.5.2 Urban Vegetation Phenology -- 20.5.3 Urban Heat Island Mapping -- 20.5.4 Rock Outcrops Identification -- 20.6 Summary -- References -- 21 Urban Sensing with Spaceborne Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 21.1 Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 21.2 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 21.3 Multi-temporal InSAR (MTInSAR) -- 21.4 Applications in Urban Areas -- 21.4.1 Construction of Fine Resolution DEM -- 21.4.2 Subsidence Measurement -- 21.4.3 Monitoring Stability of Infrastructures -- 21.5 Summary -- References -- 22 Airborne LiDAR for Detection and Characterization of Urban Objects and Traffic Dynamics -- 22.1 Introduction -- 22.2 Detection of Urban Objects with ALS and Co-registered Imagery -- 22.2.1 General Strategy -- 22.2.2 Feature Derivation -- 22.2.3 AdaBoost Classification -- 22.3 Detection of Urban Traffic Dynamics with ALS Data -- 22.3.1 Artifacts Effect of Vehicle Motion in ALS Data -- 22.3.2 Detection of Moving Vehicles -- 22.3.3 Concept for Vehicle Velocity Estimation with ALS Data -- 22.4 Experiments and Results -- 22.4.1 Detection of Urban Objects with ALS Data Associated with Aerial Imagery -- 22.4.2 Accuracy Prediction for Vehicle Velocity Estimation Using ALS Aata -- 22.5 Summary -- References -- 23 Photogrammetry for 3D Mapping in Urban Areas -- 23.1 Introduction -- 23.2 Fundamentals of Photogrammetry -- 23.2.1 Image Orientation -- 23.2.2 Bundle Adjustment -- 23.2.3 Image Matching -- 23.3 Advances in Photogrammetry for 3D Mapping in Urban Areas…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…2.3.3.1 Ground object monitoring in the transmission line corridor -- 2.3.3.2 Geological disaster monitoring for the transmission line corridor -- 2.3.3.3 Monitoring the meteorological disasters of transmission lines corridors -- 2.3.3.4 Transmission line corridor forest fire monitoring -- 2.3.4 Wide Area Transmission Lines Monitoring Prospect Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Technology -- References -- 3 Tour inspection technology of transmission lines -- 3.1 Conventional Tour Inspection and its Classification -- 3.1.1 Regular Tour Inspection of Lines -- 3.1.2 Special tour inspection of lines -- 3.1.3 Fault Tour Inspection of Lines -- 3.1.4 On-the-Tower Tour Inspection of Lines -- 3.2 Main Contents of Tour Inspection of Lines -- 3.2.1 Environments Along the Lines -- 3.2.2 Towers, Guy Wires, and Foundations -- 3.2.3 Conductors and Ground Wires -- 3.2.4 Insulators and Fittings -- 3.2.5 Lightning Protection Facilities and Grounding Devices -- 3.2.6 Accessories and Other Facilities -- 3.3 Helicopter Tour Inspection Technology -- 3.3.1 Model of Line Inspection Helicopter -- 3.3.2 Line Inspection Heliborne Equipment -- 3.3.2.1 Infrared thermal imaging equipment -- 3.3.2.2 Ultraviolet (UV) imaging equipment -- 3.3.2.3 Heliborne laser radar -- 3.3.3 Tour Inspection Items -- 3.3.3.1 Regular inspection -- 3.3.3.2 Equipment fault detection -- 3.3.3.3 Vegetation management near transmission lines -- 3.3.3.4 The monitoring and management of the lines' operational state -- 3.3.3.5 Assessment of the electromagnetic environment of transmission lines -- 3.3.3.6 Equipment management of transmission lines -- 3.3.4 Helicopter Tour Inspection Process -- 3.3.4.1 Preparation for patrol -- 3.3.4.2 The patrol process and main defects found -- 3.4 Robot Tour Inspection Technology -- 3.4.1 Characteristics of Robot Tour Inspection…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…3.2.1 Self-Mixed Anaerobic Digester (SMAD) for the Treatment Poultry Litter: Development and Demonstration -- 3.2.2 Anaerobic Gas Lift Reactor (AGR): Concept to Commissioning and Commercialization -- 3.2.2.1 Configuration and Working of AGR Technology -- 3.2.2.2 Demonstration and Performance Assessment of High-Rate Biomethanation Plant Based On AGR -- 3.2.3 Commercialization and Success Stories of AGR Technology -- 3.2.3.1 Model I: Waste to Energy From Kitchen to Kitchen, Biogas Plant at CSIR-IICT, Hyderabad -- 3.2.3.2 Model II: Biogas Plants Based On Organic Fraction of MSW to Power -- 3.2.3.3 Model III: Biogas Plants Based On Market and Vegetable Waste to Power -- 3.2.4 National Recognition of AGR Technology -- 3.2.5 Techno-Commercial Aspects of the Biogas Plants Against Their Capacities -- 3.2.6 Future Scope in the Biogas Industry -- 3.3 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Cyanobacterial Degradation of Pesticides -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Pesticides - A Growing Concern -- 4.3 Impact of Pesticides On Human Health -- 4.4 Biodegradation of Pesticides -- 4.5 Cyanobacteria - A Precious Bioresource -- 4.6 Cyanobacteria as Bioremediating Agents -- 4.6.1 Cyanobacterial Degradation of Organophosphorus Pesticides -- 4.6.2 Cyanobacterial Degradation of Organochlorine Pesticides -- 4.7 Future Perspectives -- 4.8 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Upcycling of Plastic Waste -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Conventional Techniques of Plastic Waste Management -- 5.2.1 Mechanical Recycling -- 5.2.2 Waste to Energy -- 5.2.3 Landfilling -- 5.3 Plastic Waste Upcycling Techniques -- 5.3.1 Thermal Upcycling Technique -- 5.3.1.1 Carbonization -- 5.3.1.2 Pyrolysis -- 5.3.1.3 Gasification -- 5.3.2 Chemical Upcycling Techniques -- 5.3.2.1 Solvolysis -- 5.3.2.2 Hydrogenolysis -- 5.3.2.3 Photocatalysis -- 5.3.3 Chemo-Biotechnological Technique…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Chapter 10 Precision Agriculture: An Augmented Datasets and CNN Model-Based Approach to Diagnose Diseases in Fruits and Vegetable Crops -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Literature Review -- 10.3 Major Fruit Diseases in the Valley -- 10.4 Methodology -- 10.5 Results and Discussion -- 10.6 Extended Experiment -- 10.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 11 A Simulation-Based Study of a Digital Twin Model of the Air Purifier System in Chandigarh Using LabVIEW -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.1.1 Background Information on Chandigarh's Air Pollution Problem -- 11.1.2 Digital Twin Technology and Its Relevance to Air Quality Monitoring -- 11.2 Literature Review -- 11.3 Methodology -- 11.4 Results -- 11.5 Discussion -- 11.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 Use of Digital Twin in Predicting the Life of Aircraft Main Bearing -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.1.1 Background -- 12.1.2 Importance of Predictive Maintenance -- 12.1.3 Challenges in Aircraft Main Bearing Life Prediction -- 12.1.4 Digital Twin Technology in Aviation -- 12.2 Fundamentals of Digital Twin Technology -- 12.2.1 Components of a Digital Twin -- 12.2.2 Enabling Technologies for Digital Twin -- 12.3 Benefits of Digital Twin Technology -- 12.3.1 Aircraft Main Bearings: Structure and Failure Modes -- 12.4 Developing a Digital Twin for Aircraft Main Bearings -- 12.5 Predictive Analytics for Main Bearing Life Prediction -- 12.5.1 Machine Learning Algorithms for Predictive Modeling -- 12.5.2 Challenges of Digital Twin for Aircraft Health -- 12.5.3 Security Threats of the Digital Twin in Aircraft Virtualization -- 12.6 Future Prospects and Conclusion of Digital Twin for Aircraft Health -- References -- Chapter 13 Power Energy System Consumption Analysis in Urban Railway by Digital Twin Method -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Literature Review -- 13.3 Method -- 13.4 Implementation -- 13.5 Conclusion…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…25.7 TESTING DEVICE FOR THE PRACTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THERMOFORMABILITY* -- Chapter 26 Analysis of Completely Formed, Filled, and Sealed Containers -- 26.1 BURST PRESSURE AND IMPERMEABILITY -- 26.1.1 Vacuum -- 26.1.2 Air Pressure -- 26.2 RHODAMINE TEST -- 26.3 GENERAL REMARK ON IMPERMEABILITY TESTS -- 26.4 OPENING FORCE -- Chapter 27 Automated Packaging -- 27.1 CUTTING SUBSEQUENT TO FORMING -- 27.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMOFORMING PACKAGING LINES -- 27.2.1 Indexed Production -- 27.2.2 Continuous Production -- 27.2.3 Quasi-Continuous Production -- 27.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF PACKAGING MACHINE CONTROL -- 27.3.1 Indexed Production -- 27.3.2 Continuous Production -- 27.3.3 Quasi-Continuous Production -- 27.4 FORMING, FILLING, AND SEALING (FFS) -- 27.4.1 The Picker Line -- 27.4.2 Speed Lines -- 27.4.3 Lines with Automatic Handling -- 27.5 FORMING, PUNCHING, FILLING, AND SEALING (FPF) -- 27.6 FORMING, CROSS-CUTTING, FILLING, SEALING/PUNCHING (FCFS) -- 27.7 CONCLUSION -- Chapter 28 Production of Flowerpots -- 28.1 THE THERMOFORMING MACHINE -- 28.2 HEATING SYSTEM -- 28.3 THE FORMING STATION -- 28.3.1 Plug Materials -- 28.4 FORMING AIR -- 28.5 CHALK AS A FILLER -- 28.5.1 Calcium Carbonate in Thermoforming Applications -- 28.5.2 Natural Calcium Carbonate -- 28.5.3 Advantages of Calcium Carbonate -- 28.5.4 Summary -- Chapter 29 Perforated Fruit and Vegetable Trays Made Easy -- Chapter 30 Steel Rule Die Punching -- 30.1 BASICS -- 30.2 SHAPES OF CUTTING EDGES -- 30.3 CREATION OF ANGEL HAIR DURING STEEL RULE DIE CUTTING -- 30.3.1 Development of Angel Hair -- 30.3.2 Influence of Steel Rule Temperature on the Creation of Angel Hair -- 30.3.3 Influence of Film Material on Creation of Angel Hair -- Chapter 31 Production of Meat Trays -- 31.1 VACUUM PACKAGING -- 31.2 ACTIVE PACKAGING -- 31.3 MAP -- 31.4 PRODUCTION PROCESS FOR THE PP TRAY -- 31.5 NEW DEVELOPMENTS…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…2.5.1 Land Cover Classification -- 2.5.2 Vegetation Monitoring -- 2.5.3 Urban Land-Use Classification -- 2.5.4 HSI Remote Sensing -- 2.6 Challenges for Deep Learning Methods for RS Image Processing -- 2.6.1 High Spatial and Spectral Variability -- 2.6.2 Limited Annotated Data -- 2.6.3 Class Imbalance -- 2.6.4 Intra-Class Variability -- 2.6.5 Spectral Mixing and Shadow Effects -- 2.6.6 Sensor Noise and Atmospheric Interference -- 2.6.7 Computational Complexity -- 2.6.8 Adaptability and Generalization -- 2.7 Limitations -- 2.7.1 Dependence on Image Quality -- 2.7.2 Temporal Variability -- 2.7.3 Generalization and Transferability -- 2.7.4 Scalability -- 2.7.5 Interpretability -- 2.7.6 Labeling Challenges -- 2.7.7 Privacy Concerns -- 2.7.8 Legal and Policy Constraints -- 2.8 Conclusion -- 2.8.1 Future Work -- Funding -- References -- Chapter 3 Deep Learning Framework for Face Detection and Recognition for Dark Faces Using VGG19 with Variant of Histogram Equalization -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Literature Review -- 3.3 Material and Techniques -- 3.3.1 Convolutional Neural Network -- 3.3.2 Histogram Equalization -- 3.3.3 Data Set -- 3.3.4 Proposed Framework -- 3.4 Experiment and Results -- 3.4.1 Evaluation Parameter -- 3.4.2 Experimental Setup -- 3.4.3 Results and Analysis -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 A 3D Method for Combining Geometric Verification and Volume Reconstruction in a Photo Tourism System -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Literature Review -- 4.3 Method -- 4.3.1 Processing -- 4.3.2 Feature Extraction -- 4.3.3 Feature Matching -- 4.3.4 Geometric Verification -- 4.3.5 Volumetric Reconstruction -- 4.3.6 Triangulation -- 4.3.7 Bundle Adjustment -- 4.4 Experiments -- 4.4.1 Data Set Description -- 4.5 Results and Analysis -- 4.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References…”

“…In the midst of the world’s biggest fruit and vegetable garden, the so called ‚Mar del plástico’, lies the Andalusian village of San Agustín. …”
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“…Due to pollutants present in air, human health as well as animal health and vegetation may suffer. The book can be divided in two parts. …”