Tabla de Contenidos: “…-- 1.3 Advantages of Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells -- 1.3.1 Band Gap Tunability -- 1.3.2 High Voc -- 1.3.3 Low Temperature Coefficient -- 1.4 Challenges for Hybrid Perovskites -- 1.4.1 Requirement of Improved Stability -- 1.4.2 Large‐Area Solar Cells -- 1.4.3 Toxicity of Pb and Sn Compounds -- 1.5 Overview of this Book -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 2 Overview of Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Historical Backgrounds of Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics -- 2.3 Semiconductor Properties of Organo Lead Halide Perovskites -- 2.4 Working Principle of Perovskite Photovoltaics -- 2.5 Compositional Design of the Halide Perovskite Absorbers -- 2.6 Strategy for Stabilizing Perovskite Solar Cells -- 2.7 All Inorganic and Lead‐Free Perovskites -- 2.8 Development of High‐Efficiency Tandem Solar Cells -- 2.9 Conclusion and Perspectives -- References -- Part I Characteristics of Hybrid Perovskites -- Chapter 3 Crystal Structures -- 3.1 What Is Hybrid Perovskite? …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…3.3.3 Pre-MRNA Transcription of Eukaryotic Genes -- 3.3.4 Maturation of MRNA -- 3.3.5 Transport and Localization -- 3.3.6 Stability and Decay -- 3.3.7 Major Steps of MRNA Transcript Level Regulation -- 3.4 RNA Is More Than a Messenger -- 3.4.1 Ribozyme -- 3.4.2 SnRNA and SnoRNA -- 3.4.3 RNA for Telomere Replication -- 3.4.4 RNAi and Small Non-Coding RNAs -- 3.4.4.1 MiRNA -- 3.4.4.2 SiRNA -- 3.4.4.3 PiRNA -- 3.4.5 Long Non-Coding RNAs -- 3.4.6 Other Non-Coding RNAs -- 3.5 The Cellular Transcriptional Landscape -- References -- Part II Introduction to Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and NGS Data Analysis -- 4 Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Technologies: Ins and Outs -- 4.1 How to Sequence DNA: From First Generation to the Next -- 4.2 Ins and Outs of Different NGS Platforms -- 4.2.1 Illumina Reversible Terminator Short-Read Sequencing -- 4.2.1.1 Sequencing Principle -- 4.2.1.2 Implementation -- 4.2.1.3 Error Rate, Read Length, Data Output, and Cost -- 4.2.1.4 Sequence Data Generation -- 4.2.2 Pacific Biosciences Single-Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) Long-Read Sequencing -- 4.2.2.1 Sequencing Principle -- 4.2.2.2 Implementation -- 4.2.2.3 Error Rate, Read Length, Data Output, and Cost -- 4.2.2.4 Sequence Data Generation -- 4.2.3 Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) Long-Read Sequencing -- 4.2.3.1 Sequencing Principle -- 4.2.3.2 Implementation -- 4.2.3.3 Error Rate, Read Length, Data Output, and Cost -- 4.2.3.4 Sequence Data Generation -- 4.2.4 Ion Torrent Semiconductor Sequencing -- 4.2.4.1 Sequencing Principle -- 4.2.4.2 Implementation -- 4.2.4.3 Error Rate, Read Length, Date Output, and Cost -- 4.2.4.4 Sequence Data Generation -- 4.3 A Typical NGS Workflow -- 4.4 Biases and Other Adverse Factors That May Affect NGS Data Accuracy -- 4.4.1 Biases in Library Construction -- 4.4.2 Biases and Other Factors in Sequencing -- 4.5 Major Applications of NGS…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…1.8 History of Embedded Systems -- 1.9 Current Trends -- Conclusion -- Key Points of this Chapter -- Questions -- Exercises -- Chapter 2: Embedded Systems-The Hardware Point of View -- Introduction -- 2.1 Microcontroller Unit (MCU) -- 2.1.1 The Processor -- 2.1.2 The Harvard Architecture -- 2.2 A Popular 8-bit MCU -- 2.2.1 General Purpose I/O (GPIO) -- 2.2.2 Clock -- 2.2.3 Power on Reset -- 2.2.4 Brown Out Reset -- 2.2.5 Timers and Counters -- 2.2.6 Watchdog Timer -- 2.2.7 Real-time Clock (RTC) -- 2.2.8 Stack -- 2.2.9 Interrupts -- 2.2.10 DMA -- 2.2.11 Communication Ports -- 2.3 Memory for Embedded Systems -- 2.3.1 Semiconductor Memory -- 2.3.2 Random Access Memory (RAM) -- 2.3.3 Dynamic RAM (DRAM) -- 2.3.4 ROM (Read Only Memory) -- 2.3.5 Caches -- 2.4 Low Power Design -- 2.5 Pullup and Pulldown Resistors -- 2.5.1 Floating State of an Input -- 2.5.2 Pulldown and Pullup Resistances -- 2.5.3 Open Collector/Open Drain Gates -- 2.5.4 Weak and Strong Pullup -- 2.5.5 High Impedance State, Hi-Z -- Conclusion -- Key Points of this Chapter -- Questions -- Exercises -- Chapter 3: Sensors, ADCs and Actuators -- Introduction -- 3.1 Sensors -- 3.1.1 Temperature Sensors -- 3.1.2 Light Sensors -- 3.1.3 Proximity/Range Sensors -- 3.1.4 Encoders -- 3.1.5 Humidity Sensors -- 3.1.6 Other Sensors -- 3.2 Analog to Digital Converters -- 3.2.1 ADC Interfacing * -- 3.3 Actuators -- 3.3.1 Displays -- 3.3.2 Motors -- 3.3.3 Optocouplers/Opto Isolators -- 3.3.4 Relays -- Conclusion -- Key Points of this Chapter -- Questions -- Exercises -- Chapter 4: Examples of Embedded Systems -- Introduction -- 4.1 Mobile Phone -- 4.1.1 Block Diagram -- 4.1.2 The Cellular Concept -- 4.1.3 Multiple Access -- 4.1.4 Frequency Re-use -- 4.1.5 Handoff (Handover) -- 4.1.6 Spread Spectrum Techniques -- 4.1.7 Set Up and Maintanence -- 4.1.8 Conclusion -- 4.2 Automotive Electronics…”

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