Tabla de Contenidos: “…8.3.8 Concentration of particles -- 8.3.9 Membrane material -- 8.4 VARIABLES AND APPLICATIONS OF THE MFI-UF -- 8.4.1 Plant profiling and water quality monitoring -- 8.4.2 Flux rate -- 8.4.3 Predicting rate of fouling of seawater RO systems -- 8.4.4 Comparing fouling indices -- 8.5 REFERENCES -- Part 3: Inorganic fouling and scaling -- Chapter 9: Inorganic Fouling: Characterization Tools and Mitigation -- 9.1 INTRODUCTION -- 9.2 MAIN COMPONENTS OF INORGANIC FOULING -- 9.2.1 Colloidal matter/particulate -- 9.2.2 Metals -- 9.2.3 Scaling -- 9.2.4 OTHER COMPONENTS -- 9.3 METHODS FOR INORGANIC FOULING IDENTIFICATION -- 9.4 METHODS FOR INORGANIC FOULING REMOVAL -- 9.5 REFERENCES -- Chapter 10: Assessing Scaling Potential with Induction Time and a Once-through Laboratory Scale RO System -- 10.1 INTRODUCTION -- 10.2 INDUCTION TIME MEASUREMENTS -- 10.2.1 Experimental setup -- 10.2.1.1 Glass reactor -- 10.2.1.3 pH meter -- 10.2.1.4 Peristaltic pump -- 10.2.1.5 Thermostat -- 10.2.2 Experimental procedure -- 10.2.2.1 Preparation of artificial brackish water -- 10.2.2.2 Induction time measurement -- 10.2.3 Calculation of induction time -- 10.2.4 Cleaning of the reactor -- 10.2.5 Example of application of induction time -- 10.3 ONCE THROUGH LAB-SCALE RO SYSTEM -- 10.3.1 Experimental set-up -- 10.3.2 Experimental protocol -- 10.3.3 Example of application -- 10.4 OUTLOOK AND FINAL COMMENTS -- 10.5 REFERENCES -- Part 4: Organic fouling -- Chapter 11: Practical Considerations of Using LC-OCD for Organic Matter Analysis in Seawater -- 11.1 INTRODUCTION -- 11.2 LC-OCD ANALYSIS -- 11.2.1 Instrumentation and chromatogram integration -- 11.2.2 Effect of salinity on organic characterization and calibration -- 11.2.3 LEVEL OF DETECTION -- 11.2.4 REPRODUCIBILITY OF LC-OCD -- 11.2.5 CHARACTERISATION OF ORGANIC MIXTURES -- 11.2.6 Applications…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…7.2.4 Nip Rolls and Winding -- 7.2.5 Gauge Control -- 7.2.6 Orientation -- 7.2.7 Cast Film Dies -- 7.3 Blown Film -- 7.3.1 Blown Film Extrusion -- 7.3.2 Blown Film Dies -- 7.3.3 Air Rings and Internal Bubble Cooling (IBC) -- 7.3.4 Collapsing Frames -- 7.3.5 Nips -- 7.3.6 Slitting and Winding -- 7.3.7 Double-Bubble Process -- 7.4 Stretch and Shrink Wrap -- 7.4.1 Stretch Wrap -- 7.4.2 Shrink Wrap -- 7.5 Film and Sheet Coextrusion -- 7.6 Surface Treatment -- 7.7 Yield of Film -- 7.8 Testing and Evaluation of Films -- 7.9 References -- Study Questions -- 8 Converting, Lamination and Coating -- 8.1 Extrusion Coating and Laminating -- 8.2 Hot Melt Lamination or Coating -- 8.3 Adhesive Lamination -- 8.4 Thermal Laminating -- 8.5 Metallized Film -- 8.6 Silicon Oxide Films -- 8.7 Other Inorganic Barrier Coatings -- 8.8 Building Multilayer Structures -- 8.9 References -- Study Questions -- 9 Flexible Packaging -- 9.1 Characteristics of Flexible Packaging -- 9.2 Pouch Styles -- 9.2.1 Pillow Pouches -- 9.2.2 Three-Side Seal Pouches -- 9.2.3 Four-Side Seal Pouches -- 9.2.4 Stand-Up Pouches -- 9.3 Forming Pouches -- 9.4 Retort Pouches -- 9.5 Bulk and Heavy-Duty Bags -- 9.6 Bag-in-Box -- 9.6 References -- Study Questions -- 10 Thermoforming -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Heating the Sheet -- 10.2.1 Temperature Selection -- 10.2.2 Radiative Heating -- 10.3 Forming the Sheet -- 10.3.1 Basic Methods -- 10.3.1.1 Drape Forming -- 10.3.1.2 Vacuum Forming -- 10.3.1.3 Pressure Forming -- 10.3.2 Sheet Deformation -- 10.3.3 Thermoforming Variations -- 10.3.3.1 Plug-Assist Thermoforming -- 10.3.3.2 Solid Phase Pressure Forming -- 10.3.3.3 Bubble or Billow Forming -- 10.3.3.4 Vacuum Snap-Back Thermoforming -- 10.3.3.5 Matched Mold Forming -- 10.3.3.6 Scrapless Thermoforming -- 10.3.3.7 In-Line Thermoforming and Melt-to-Mold Thermoforming -- 10.3.3.8 Twin-Sheet Thermoforming…”

“…Desde un enfoque arqueológico, se realiza la revisión sobre la producción de metales en la prehistoria y protohistoria de las minas onubenses. …”
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“…The linear and nonlinear resonance behaviour of optical antennas (metallic nanostructures showing resonance behaviour at optical frequencies) made of gold and aluminum using electron-beam lithography is investigated. …”

“…We worked on different magnetic molecules containing 3d and 4f magnetic centers. Their growth on metallic surfaces, topographies, spin states, magnetic properties and electron transport were locally investigated by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at temperatures down to 30mK. …”

“…Although laser cutting of metals is a well-established process, there is considerable potential for improvement with regard to various requirements for the manufacturing industry. …”

“…The second group describes a use of non-conventional thermal routes during manufacturing cycles of such materials as vanadium carbides, titanium dioxide, metallic glasses, superconducting ceramics, nanoparticles, metal oxides, battery materials and slag mortars. …”

“…Minerals in coal, in some cases, are major carriers of valuable metals, such as Ga, Al, and rare earth elements, and these coals with highly-evaluated valuable metals have the potential to be raw sources for industry use. …”

“…The authors' contributions relating to metastable materials demonstrate the behavior of amorphous/bulk metallic glasses and some nonequilibrium materials. …”

“…Así, se observa que por fluorescencia solamente se detecta un tipo de sitio de enlace para el metal, mientras que la distribución "verdadera" es bimodal. …”
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“…There is growing interest in light metallic alloys for a wide number of applications owing to their processing efficiency, processability, long service life, and environmental sustainability. …”

“…It focuses on the enhanced spectroscopy, including SERS, SEIRA/SEIRS, and near-field optics, and the related physical processes (optical properties of metallic nanoparticles, plasmon resonance, field enhancement, etc.). …”

“…However, to confer to this volume a more holistic view, some articles on priority pollutants, such as heavy metals and pesticides, are also reported…”

“…Key topics include the movement of precious metals, trajectories of imperial power, the archaeology of migration, and material culture in relation to debates about ethnicity…”