Tabla de Contenidos: “…7.8 CARGA ELÉCTRICA POR INDUCCIÓN -- 7.9 FENÓMENOS ELECTROSTÁTICOS -- 7.10 ELECTRICIDAD ESTÁTICA -- 7.10.1 FUERZA ELÉCTRICA -- 7.11 LEY DE CHARLES COULOMB -- 7.12 INTENSIDAD DEL CAMPO ELÉCTRICO -- 7.13 DETERMINACIÓN MATEMÁTICA DE LA INTENSIDAD DE CORRIENTE -- 7.14 LEY DE LA GRAVITACIÓN UNIVERSAL DE NEWTON -- 7.15 COMPARACIÓN DE LAS LEYES DE COULOMB Y DE NEWTON -- UNIDAD VIII - LOS CONDENSADORES -- 8.1 CONDENSADOR -- 8.1.1 PROPIEDADES DE LOS CONDENSADORES -- 8.2 CONVERSIONES DE UNIDADES DE MEDIDAS DE CAPACIDAD -- 8.3 FARADIO O FARADAY -- 8.3.1 VALOR DE UN FARADIO -- 8.3.1.1 CONVERSIÓN DE UNIDADES A FARADIOS -- 8.4 CAPACIDAD DE UN CONDENSADOR -- 8.4.1 DETERMINACIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD O CAPACITANCIA -- 8.5 ENERGÍA DE UN CONDENSADOR -- 8.6 ASOCIACIÓN DE CONDENSADORES -- 8.6.1 ASOCIACIÓN DE CONDENSADORES EN SERIE -- 8.6.2 ASOCIACIÓN DE CONDENSADORES EN PARALELO -- 8.6.3 ASOCIACIÓN DE CONDENSADORES MIXTOS -- 8.7 INSTRUMENTOS DE MEDICIÓN PARA ELECTRÓNICA -- UNIDAD IX - CIRCUITOS ELÉCTRICOS -- 9.1 CORRIENTE ELÉCTRICA -- 9.2 INSTALACIONES MONOFÁSICAS Y TRIFÁSICAS -- 9.3 DIFERENCIAS ENTRE CORRIENTE CONTINUA (DC) Y CORRIENTE ALTERNA (AC) -- 9.4 RESISTENCIA O RESISTIVIDAD -- 9.5 SÍMBOLOS DE LA RESISTENCIA -- 9.6 DIFERENCIA DE POTENCIAL -- 9.7 ENUNCIADO DE LA ENERGÍA -- 9.8 VALOR DE UN VOLTIO -- 9.9 CIRCUITO ELÉCTRICO -- 9.10 LEY DE OHM -- 9.11 CIRCUITO EN SERIE -- 9.11.1 DETERMINACIÓN DE LA RESISTENCIA EN SERIE -- 9.12 CIRCUITO EN PARALELO -- 9.12.1 DETERMINACIÓN DE LA RESISTENCIA EN CIRCUITOS EN PARALELOS -- 9.13 CIRCUITO MIXTO -- 9.13.1 DETERMINACIÓN DE CIRCUITOS MIXTOS -- UNIDAD X - ELECTRODINÁMICA -- 10.1 ELECTRODINÁMICA -- 10.2 LEY DE JOULE -- 10.2.1 VALOR DE UN JOULE -- 10.2.2 EFECTOS DE CALENTAMIENTO DE LA CORRIENTE ELÉCTRICA -- 10.2.3 ALGUNAS APLICACIONES DE LA LEY DE JOULE -- 10.3 CONCEPTO DE UN NUDO Y MALLA -- 10.5 LEYES DE KIRCHHOFF…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Forces elèctriques: llei de Coulomb; 2.3. Camp elèctric; 2.4. Línies de camp elèctric; 2.5. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “….; PÁGINA LEGAL; CONTENIDO; ACERCA DE LOS AUTORES; PREFACIO; ATRACTIVAS APLICACIONES; AL ESTUDIANTE; GUÍA DE PREPARACIÓN PARA EL EXAMEN MCAT; PARTE 4; 15 FUERZAS ELÉCTRICAS Y CAMPOS ELÉCTRICOS ; 15.1 Propiedades de las cargas eléctricas; 15.2 Aislantes y conductores; 15.3 Ley de Coulomb; 15.4 El campo eléctrico; 15.5 Líneas de campo eléctrico; 15.6 Conductores en equilibrio electrostático; 15.7 El experimento de la gota de aceite de Millikan; 15.8 El generador Van de Graaff; 15.9 Flujo eléctrico y ley de Gauss; Resumen…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Charge acceptance or coulombic efficiency; 1.8. Ragone plot; References; Chapter 2: Rechargeable battery technologies: an electronic engineers view point; 2.1. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…ONDAS; CAPÍTULO 3 ELECTRODINÁMICA; 3.1. FUERZA DE COULOMB Y CAMPO ELÉCTRICO; 3.2. CAMPO MAGNÉTICO; 3.3. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Front Cover; Plasma Engineering; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; 1 Plasma Concepts; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Debye length; 1.1.2 Plasma oscillation; 1.1.3 Plasma types; 1.1.3.1 Thermonuclear fusion; 1.1.3.2 Vacuum arcs; 1.1.3.3 Cold plasma; 1.1.3.4 Plasma in nature; 1.2 Plasma particle phenomena; 1.2.1 Particle collisions; 1.2.1.1 Definitions; 1.2.1.2 Cross section: mean free path; 1.2.1.3 Charge-exchange cross section; 1.2.1.4 Coulomb collision cross section; 1.2.1.5 Ionization cross section; 1.2.1.6 Plasma equilibrium; 1.3 Waves and instabilities in plasmas…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Fundamentos de electrostática y magnetostática para ingenieros -- Página legal -- Índice general -- Prólogo -- 1 Vectores y campos -- Introducción -- 1.1 Vectores -- 1.2 Igualdad de vectores -- 1.3 Operaciones entre vectores -- 1.3.1 Suma y diferencia entre vectores -- 1.3.2 Producto de un escalar por un vector -- 1.3.3 Producto escalar o punto -- 1.3.4 Producto vectorial -- 1.3.5 Expansión de Laplace -- 1.3.6 Triple producto escalar -- 1.3.7 Triple producto vectorial -- 1.3.8 Componentes de un vector -- 1.4 Campos -- 1.4.1 Campo escalar -- 1.4.2 Campo vectorial -- 1.5 Sistemas de coordenadas ortogonales -- 1.5.1 Coordenadas rectangulares -- 1.5.2 Coordenadas cilíndricas -- 1.5.3 Coordenadas esféricas -- 2 Cálculo vectorial -- Introducción -- 2.1 Gradiente de un campo escalar -- 2.2.1 Teorema de la divergencia -- 2.2 Divergencia de un campo vectorial -- 2.2.1 Teorema de la divergencia -- 2.3 Rotacional de un campo vectorial -- 2.3.1 Teorema de Stokes -- 2.4 Laplaciano de un campo escalar -- 2.4.1 Clasificación de los campos vectoriales -- 3 Electrostática -- Introducción -- 3.1 Carga eléctrica -- 3.2 Ley de Coulomb -- 3.3 Campo electrostático -- 3.4 Campos electrostáticos debidos a distribuciones continuas de carga -- 3.5 Ley de Gauss -- 3.6 Rotacional de E -- 3.7 Densidad de flujo eléctrico -- 3.8 Potencial eléctrico -- 3.8.1 Relación entre E y V -- 3.9 Energía potencial eléctrica -- 3.9.1 Energía electrostática en función de los campos E y D -- 4 Electrostática en medios materiales -- Introducción -- 4.1 Propiedades eléctricas de los materiales -- 4.2 Corrientes de conducción y convección -- 4.3 Densidades de corriente de convección y conducción -- 4.3.1 Forma macroscópica de la ley de Ohm -- 4.3.2 Ley de Joule -- 4.4 Ecuación de continuidad y tiempo de relajación -- 4.5 Polarización en dieléctricos…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Electrostatics -- 4-1 Maxwell's Equations -- 4-2 Charge and Current Distributions -- 4-3 Coulomb's Law -- 4-4 Gauss's Law -- 4-5 Electric Scalar Potential -- TB7 Resistive Sensors -- 4-6 Conductors -- TB8 Supercapacitors as Batteries -- 4-7 Dielectrics -- 4-8 Electric Boundary Conditions -- TB9 Capacitive Sensors -- 4-9 Capacitance -- 4-10 Electrostatic Potential Energy -- 4-11 Image Method -- Chapter 5. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Charges in motion: from "Coulomb" to "Ampère" -- 5.3.4. Note on Lorentz equations -- Conclusion -- Appendices -- Appendix 1. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Newton's Laws and Friction Force -- 14.1 Coulomb dry friction force -- 14.1.1 Project 34. Determination of the static friction coefficient -- 14.1.2 Project 35. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Front Cover -- Specifications of Photovoltaic Pumping Systems in Agriculture -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Prologue -- 1 Renewable Energies and Irrigation -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Renewable Energies -- 1.2.1 Photovoltaic energy -- 1.2.1.1 Serial configuration -- 1.2.1.2 Parallel configuration -- 1.2.2 Thermal energy -- 1.2.2.1 Solar thermal energy -- 1.2.2.2 Geothermal energy -- 1.2.3 Wind energy -- 1.2.4 Wave energy -- 1.2.5 Hydraulic energy -- 1.2.6 Biomass energy -- 1.3 Renewable Energies for Irrigation -- 1.4 Tomatoes Irrigation -- 1.4.1 Climatic study -- 1.4.2 Soil data -- 1.4.3 Crop data -- 1.4.4 Irrigation intervals -- 1.5 Conclusions -- References -- 2 Modeling of the Photovoltaic Irrigation Plant Components -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Target System -- 2.3 System Modeling and Validation -- 2.3.1 System modeling -- 2.3.1.1 PVPs models -- Solar radiation model -- Solar declination -- Hour angle of the sun -- Extraterrestrial radiation and clearness index -- Solar radiation calculation -- Ambient temperature distribution model -- PVPs model -- Panel yield based model -- Panel nonlinear model -- MPPT techniques -- The lookup table MPPT -- The neuro-fuzzy MPPT -- The incremental conductance MPPT -- The P&amp -- O MPPT -- 2.3.1.2 Battery bank -- Linear model for the battery behavior description -- Coulomb-metric method -- The open-circuit method -- Nonlinear model for the battery behavior description -- 2.3.1.3 Chopper -- Function principle -- Continuous operating mode -- Discontinuous operating mode -- 2.3.1.4 Inverter -- 2.3.1.5 Pump -- 2.3.2 Experimental validation and modeling results -- 2.3.2.1 PVPs models -- 2.3.2.2 MPPT results -- 2.3.2.3 Battery bank model -- 2.3.2.4 Chopper model -- Inductor selection -- Capacitor selection -- Diode selection -- Switch selection -- Simulation results…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “….) -- PÁGINA LEGAL -- ÍNDICE -- PRESENTACIÓN -- CAPÍTULO 1 -- 1.1 ELECTRICIDAD -- 1.2 ELECTRIZACIÓN DE UN CUERPO -- 1.3 ESTRUCTURA ATÓMICA -- 1.4 CUERPOS CONDUCTORES -- 1.5 LEY DE COULOMB -- 1.6 FUERZA ELÉCTRICA DEBIDA A VARIAS CARGAS -- 1.7 CAMPO ELÉCTRICO. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…8.4.3 Setting of the Temperature Sensor -- 8.4.4 Accuracy -- References -- 9 SoC Estimation of a Battery -- 9.1 Different Understandings of the SoC Definition -- 9.1.1 Difference on the Understanding of SoC -- 9.1.2 Difference and Relation Between SoC and SoP as Well as SoE -- 9.2 Classical Estimation Methods -- 9.2.1 Coulomb Counting Method -- 9.2.2 Open Circuit Voltage Method -- 9.2.3 A Compromised Method -- 9.2.4 Estimation Methods Not Applicable for the Lithium-Ion Battery -- 9.3 Difficulty in an SoC Estimation -- 9.3.1 Difficulty in an Estimation Resulting from Inaccurate Battery State Monitoring -- 9.3.2 Difficulty in an Estimation Resulting from Battery Difference -- 9.3.3 Difficulty in an Estimation Resulting from an Uncertain Future Working Condition -- 9.3.4 Difficulty in an Estimation Resulting from an Uncertain Battery Usage History -- 9.4 Actual Problems to Be Considered During an SoC Estimation -- 9.4.1 Safety of the Electric Vehicle -- 9.4.2 Feasibility -- 9.4.3 Actual Requirements of Drivers -- 9.5 Estimation Method Based on the Battery Model and the Extended Kalman Filter -- 9.5.1 Common Complicated Estimation Method -- 9.5.2 Advantages of a Kalman Filter in an SoC Estimation -- 9.5.3 Combination of an EKF and a Lithium-Ion Battery Model -- 9.5.4 Implementation Rule of the EKF Algorithm -- 9.5.5 Experimental Verification -- 9.6 Error Spectrum of the SoC Estimation Based on the EKF -- 9.6.1 Estimation Error Caused by the Inaccurate Battery Model -- 9.6.2 Estimation Error Resulting from a Measurement Error of the Sensor -- 9.6.3 Factors Affecting SoC Estimation Accuracy -- References -- 10 Charge Control -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Charging Power Categories -- 10.3 Charge Control Methods -- 10.3.1 Semi-constant Current -- 10.3.2 Constant Current (CC) -- 10.3.3 Constant Voltage (CV) -- 10.3.4 Constant Power (CP)…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…12.2 Related Works -- 12.3 Comparison Table -- 12.4 Graph of Comparison -- 12.5 Machine Learning in Software Engineering -- 12.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13 Machine Learning Applications in Battery Management System -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Battery Management System (BMS) -- 13.2.1 Key Parameters of Battery Management System -- 13.2.1.1 Voltage -- 13.2.1.2 Temperature -- 13.2.1.3 State of Charge -- 13.2.1.4 State of Health -- 13.2.1.5 State of Function -- 13.3 Estimation of Battery SOC and SOH -- 13.3.1 Methods of Estimating SOC -- 13.3.1.1 Coulomb Counting Method -- 13.3.1.2 Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) Method -- 13.3.1.3 Kalman Filtering Method -- 13.3.1.4 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Method -- 13.3.1.5 Fuzzy # -- 13.3.1.6 Extended Kalman Filtering Method -- 13.3.1.7 Gray Box Modeling Method -- 13.3.1.8 Support Vector Machine (SVM) Method -- 13.3.1.9 Model Predictive Control Method -- 13.3.1.10 Adaptive Observer Method -- 13.3.1.11 Impedance-Based Method -- 13.3.1.12 Gray Prediction Method -- 13.3.2 Methods of Estimating SOH -- 13.3.2.1 Capacity Fade Model -- 13.3.2.2 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Method -- 13.3.2.3 Voltage Relaxation Method -- 13.3.2.4 Fuzzy Logic Method -- 13.3.2.5 Particle Filter Method -- 13.3.2.6 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Method -- 13.3.2.7 Support Vector Machine (SVM) Method -- 13.3.2.8 Gray Box Modeling Method -- 13.3.2.9 Kalman Filtering Method -- 13.3.2.10 Multi-Model Approach -- 13.4 Cell Balancing Mechanism for BMS -- 13.5 Industrial Applications -- 13.5.1 Industrial Applications of Machine Learning in Battery Management System -- 13.5.2 Machine Learning Algorithms That Are Used for Industrial Applications in Battery Management System -- 13.5.3 Steps Involved in Machine Learning Approach in BMS Applications -- 13.5.4 Applications of Different ML Algorithms in BMS…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…7.4.5 Macroscopic Indicators -- 7.5 Methods for Countering Degradation -- 7.6 Future Direction -- References -- Part III Modeling -- Chapter 8 Lithium-Sulfur Model Development -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Zero‐Dimensional Model -- 8.2.1 Model Formulation -- 8.2.1.1 Electrochemical Reactions -- 8.2.1.2 Shuttle and Precipitation -- 8.2.1.3 Time Evolution of Species -- 8.2.1.4 Model Implementation -- 8.2.2 Basic Charge/Discharge Behaviors -- 8.3 Modeling Voltage Loss in Li-S Cells -- 8.3.1 Electrolyte Resistance -- 8.3.2 Anode Potential -- 8.3.3 Surface Passivation -- 8.3.4 Transport Limitation -- 8.4 Higher Dimensional Models -- 8.4.1 One‐Dimensional Models -- 8.4.2 Multi‐Scale Models -- 8.5 Summary -- References -- Chapter 9 Battery Management Systems - State Estimation for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries -- 9.1 Motivation -- 9.1.1 Capacity -- 9.1.2 State of Charge (SoC) -- 9.1.3 State of Health (SoH) -- 9.1.4 Limitations of Existing Battery State Estimation Techniques -- 9.1.4.1 SoC Estimation from ``Coulomb Counting'' -- 9.1.4.2 SoC Estimation from Open‐Circuit Voltage (OCV) -- 9.1.5 Direction of Current Work -- 9.2 Experimental Environment for Li-S Algorithm Development -- 9.2.1 Pulse Discharge Tests -- 9.2.2 Driving Cycle Tests -- 9.3 State Estimation Techniques from Control Theory -- 9.3.1 Electrochemical Models -- 9.3.2 Equivalent Circuit Network (ECN) Models -- 9.3.3 Kalman Filters and Their Derivatives -- 9.4 State Estimation Techniques from Computer Science -- 9.4.1 ANFIS as a Modeling Tool -- 9.4.2 Human Knowledge and Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS) -- 9.4.3 Adaptive Neuro‐Fuzzy Inference Systems -- 9.4.4 State‐of‐Charge Estimation Using ANFIS -- 9.5 Conclusions and Further Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part IV Application -- Chapter 10 Commercial Markets for Li-S -- 10.1 Technology Strengths Meet Market Needs -- 10.1.1 Weight…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…-- Sombra y penumbra -- Los espejos -- Tipos y leyes de reflexión -- Tipos de espejos -- Las lentes -- Refracción -- Tipos de lentes -- Lentes convergentes y divergentes -- La electricidad -- Los fenómenos electrostáticos -- Tipos de cargas -- Ley de Coulomb -- Intensidad de campo -- Potencial eléctrico -- La corriente eléctrica -- ¿Quién crea la diferencia de potencial? …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…-- 17.2 The Interference of Light -- 17.3 The Diffraction Grating -- 17.4 Thin-Film Interference -- 17.5 Single-Slit Diffraction -- 17.6 Circular-Aperture Diffraction -- Summary -- Questions and Problems -- Chapter 18 Ray Optics -- 18.1 The Ray Model of Light -- 18.2 Reflection -- 18.3 Refraction -- 18.4 Image Formation by Refraction -- 18.5 Thin Lenses: Ray Tracing -- 18.6 Image Formation with Spherical Mirrors -- 18.7 The Thin-Lens Equation -- Summary -- Questions and Problems -- Chapter 19 Optical Instruments -- 19.1 The Camera -- 19.2 The Human Eye -- 19.3 The Magnifier -- 19.4 The Microscope -- 19.5 The Telescope -- 19.6 Color and Dispersion -- 19.7 Resolution of Optical Instruments -- Summary -- Questions and Problems -- Part V Summary Optics -- ONE STEP BEYOND Scanning Confocal Microscopy -- PART V PROBLEMS -- Part VI Electricity and Magnetism -- OVERVIEW Charges, Currents, and Fields -- Chapter 20 Electric Fields and Forces -- 20.1 Charges and Forces -- 20.2 Charges, Atoms, and Molecules -- 20.3 Coulomb's Law -- 20.4 The Concept of the Electric Field -- 20.5 Applications of the Electric Field -- 20.6 Conductors and Electric Fields -- 20.7 Forces and Torques in Electric Fields -- Summary -- Questions and Problems -- Chapter 21 Electrical Potential -- 21.1 Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential -- 21.2 Sources of Electric Potential -- 21.3 Electric Potential and Conservation of Energy -- 21.4 Calculating the Electric Potential -- 21.5 Connecting Potential and Field -- 21.6 The Electrocardiogram -- 21.7 Capacitance and Capacitors -- 21.8 Energy and Capacitors -- Summary -- Questions and Problems -- Chapter 22 Current and Resistance -- 22.1 A Model of Current…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Electric Fields and Forces -- 20.1 Charges and Forces -- 20.2 Charges, Atoms, and Molecules -- 20.3 Coulomb's Law -- 20.4 The Concept of the Electric Field -- 20.5 The Electric Field of Multiple Charges -- 20.6 Conductors and Electric Fields…”