Tabla de Contenidos: “…Local Indigenous institutions to mobilise economic development opportunities -- Importance of local institutions -- Capabilities needed to manage economic and community development -- Local Indigenous institutions -- Indigenous municipalities -- Indigenous corporations and co-operatives -- Prescribed Body Corporates -- Local Indigenous institutions - capacity gaps -- Investing in an eco-system for strengthening local leadership and community planning -- Regional advisory services -- Indigenous research institutions -- Community brokers that add governance capacity -- Local benefit-sharing agreements -- Regional collaboration and partnerships -- Brokering and facilitating role of regional network staff -- Role of local government -- Inclusion in mainstream regional development planning -- Establishing regional alliances to reach effective seize -- Multi-level governance and funding mechanisms -- Indigenous representation and participation in decision-making -- Indigenous participation in Australian Government decision-making -- Consultation within existing structures at the regional and local level -- Cultural competency to engage -- Coordination between different levels of government -- Coordinating mechanisms between levels of government -- Implementation challenges -- Toward a more coherent approach: Improving vertical and horizontal coordination -- Whole of government planning -- Linking up funding and appropriations -- Supporting policy coherence at the local level -- Local area planning -- Local governance and place-based agreements -- Co-locating services -- References -- *Explanation for front cover image -- Guluguk the Top Knot Pigeon…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Standard HTOL -- 2.3.2. Multiple mechanisms…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…. -- Chapter 7: Building Asynchronous Streaming Systems with Kafka and Spark -- Introduction -- Setting up Kafka using Docker -- [Kafka] -- Kafka -- Point-to-point mechanism -- Pub-sub mechanism -- Kafka terminology -- Brokers -- Topics -- Partitions -- Producers and consumers -- Getting ready -- How to do it... -- Creating Kafka topics to stream data -- Getting ready -- How to do it... -- Writing a streaming program using Kafka Streams -- Getting ready -- How to do it... -- Improving the performance of the Kafka Streams program -- Getting ready -- How to do it... -- Writing a streaming program using Apache Spark -- Getting ready -- How to do it... -- Improving the performance of the Spark job -- How to do it... -- Aggregating logs into Kafka using Log4J -- Getting ready -- How to do it...…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Promoting and attracting investment: strategy and tools -- A well-articulated national strategy and action plan could provide a coherent framework for investment promotion -- Clearly defined investment prioritisation criteria could help Croatia target quality FDI in line with its development objectives -- M&amp -- E tools and processes will be crucial to track and evaluate the implementation of the forthcoming strategic framework for investment promotion and facilitation -- Formal coordination mechanisms could help address resource constraints -- Leveraging investment promotion and facilitation for sustainable development -- Knowledge spillovers from FDI require strengthening domestic firms' capacities -- R&amp -- D investments could be scaled up by facilitating collaboration between Croatia's business and innovation ecosystems -- Strengthening labour market institutions could improve FDI's contribution to job creation and skills development -- Promoting green and low-carbon investment will require removing regulatory barriers for renewable energy projects -- Spatial planning rules could be further harmonised to facilitate land acquisition for large-scale investment projects -- References -- Notes -- 4 Harnessing investment for regional development -- Summary and policy recommendations -- Investment in support of regional development in Croatia: trends and impacts -- The geography of foreign investment in Croatia -- The impacts of FDI on regional development are positive but unevenly distributed -- Place-sensitive policies to promote FDI for regional development -- Decentralisation has shaped Croatia's policy and institutional framework on investment -- Strategies should better connect investment promotion to regional development -- The National Plan on Investment Promotion should include a place-based dimension…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Sci. 2021, 22, 8740, doi:10.3390/ijms22168740 5 -- Ning Liu, Shiqiang Sun, Pengjie Wang, Yanan Sun, Qingjuan Hu and Xiaoyu Wang -- The Mechanism of Secretion and Metabolism of Gut-Derived 5-Hydroxytryptamine -- Reprinted from: Int. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…About the meeting between psychodynamics and mindfulness -- About defensive routines -- About the alternative learning circle -- About working with defence mechanisms -- Theme 2 Mindful avoidance -- Chapter 4 The practice - and consequences - of mindful avoidance -- Wilful blindness -- The challenge is not mindlessness -- How can we tell that we are practising mindful avoidance? …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Summary -- Introduction -- 1.1 Protein aggregation and amyloidoses -- 1.1.1 Mechanisms of amyloid fibril formation -- 1.1.2 Oligomer structural polymorphism: fibrillar and prefibrillar oligomers -- 1.1.3 Oligomer toxicity: common mechanism of pathogenesis -- 1.1.4 Amyloid formation is an inherent property of polypeptide chains: functional amyloid and disease unreleated amyloid -- 1.2 HypF-N: model protein of amyloid aggregation unrelated to disease -- 1.2.1 Function, structure and aggregation of HypF-N -- 1.2.2 HypF-N protofibrils interact with cell membranes originating a cytotoxic cascade -- 1.2.3 A causative link between the structure of HypF-N oligomers and their ability to cause cellular dysfunction -- 1.3 Alzheimer's disease -- 1.3.1 The Alzheimer phenotype -- 1.3.2 The elaborate processing of APP -- 1.3.3 The genetics of Alzheimer's disease -- 1.3.4 Peripheral cells as a tool to identify and test hypotheses on AD pathophysiology -- 1.3.5 Adult neurogenesis and stem cell technology for AD -- 1.4 Cholesterol and gangliosides in the central nervous system (CNS) -- 1.4.1 Brain cholesterol metabolism -- 1.4.2 Ganglioside metabolism -- 1.4.3 Lipid rafts -- 1.4.4 Role of cholesterol in AD -- 1.4.5 Role of gangliosides in AD -- 1.5 Aim of the study -- Materials & Methods -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.1.1 Chemicals -- 2.1.2 Fluorescent probes -- 2.1.3 Peptides and aggregation protocols -- 2.2 Cell cultures -- 2.3 Methods -- 2.3.1 Separation processes -- 2.3.2 Differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells -- 2.3.3 Modulation of membrane cholesterol levels -- 2.3.4 Modulation of membrane GM1 levels -- 2.3.5 Cholesterol content measurements -- 2.3.6 GM1 content measurements -- 2.3.7 Cell exposure to peptide aggregates -- 2.3.8 Analysis of aggregate interaction with the cells -- 2.3.9 Analysis of aggregate interaction with GM1 -- 2.3.10 Analysis of aggregate internalisation -- 2.3.11 Analysis of membrane permeability -- 2.3.12 Analysis of cytosolic Ca2+ dyshomeostasis -- 2.3.13 Evaluation of ROS production -- 2.3.14 Analysis of lipid peroxidation -- 2.3.15 Cytotoxicity assay and cell death analysis: apoptotic and necrotic markers -- 2.3.16 Steady-state fluorescence anisotropy -- 2.3.17 Atomic force microscopy (AFM) -- 2.3.18 Measurements of the fluorescence intensities -- 2.3.19 Statistical analysis -- Results -- 3.1 Results I -- 3.1.1 A protective role for lipid raft cholesterol against amyloidinduced membrane damage in human neuroblastoma cells -- 3.1.2 Aß42 oligomer binding to the cell surface and its cytotoxic effect are modulated by membrane cholesterol content -- 3.1.3 Aß42 oligomers colocalize with lipid rafts -- 3.1.4 Isolation and characterization of DRMs -- 3.1.5 Effects of ADDLs on lipid raft structural order -- 3.1.6 AFM imaging of supported DRMs purified from cells exposed to ADDLs -- 3.2 Results II -- 3.2.1 Lipid rafts mediate amyloid-induced calcium dyshomeostasis and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease -- 3.2.2 Lipid rafts are primary interaction sites for Aß42 oligomers at the plasma membrane -- 3.2.3 Cholesterol and GM1 mediate Aß42 accumulation at the plasma membrane -- 3.2.4 Cholesterol and GM1 mediate Ca2+ dyshomeostasis and extensive membrane permeabilization induced by Aß42 oligomers -- 3.2.5 GM1 modulates lipid peroxidation and cytotoxicity induced by Aß42 oligomers -- 3.2.6 GM1 mediates Aß42-induced Ca2+ dyshomeostasis, lipid peroxidation and cytotoxicity in rat cortical neurons -- 3.3 Results III -- 3.3.1 Membrane lipid composition and its physicochemical properties define cell vulnerability to aberrant protein oligomers -- 3.3.2 Membrane cholesterol content modulates oligomer cytotoxicity -- 3.3.3 Membrane cholesterol modulates oligomer-induced alteration of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and ROS levels -- 3.3.4 Cholesterol levels modulate membrane permeability to the oligomers -- 3.3.5 Membrane GM1 affects the cytotoxic and permeabilizing effects of HypF-N oligomers -- 3.3.6 GM1, rather than cholesterol, plays a dominant role in oligomer cytotoxicity and membrane permeability -- 3.4 Results IV -- 3.4.1 Neuronal differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells increases their resistance to Aß42 aggregate toxicity -- 3.4.2 Neuronal differentiation of hMSCs results in reduced levels of membrane GM1 -- 3.4.3 Neuronal differentiation of hMSCs reduces the interaction of Aß42 oligomers with the cell surface -- 3.4.4 Neuronal differentiation of hMSCs reduces Aß42 oligomerinduced intracellular Ca2+ dyshomeostasis and oxidative stress -- 3.4.5 Neuronal differentiation of hMSCs increases cell resistance to Aß42 aggregates Discussion -- 4.1 A protective role for lipid raft cholesterol against amyloid-induced membrane damage in human neuroblastoma cells -- 4.2 Lipid rafts mediate amyloid-induced calcium dyshomeostasis and membrane permeabilization in Alzheimer's fibroblasts -- 4.3 Membrane lipid composition and its physicochemical properties define cell vulnerability to aberrant protein oligomers -- 4.4 Neuronal differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells increases their resistance to Aß42 aggregate toxicity -- 4.5 Concluding remarks -- Abbreviations -- References…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Cuckoo Search and Bat Swarm Algorithm -- Cuckoo search -- Cuckoo breeding behavior and Lévy flights -- Cuckoo search algorithm -- Cuckoo search variants -- Chaotic cuckoo search -- Discrete binary cuckoo search -- Hybrid self-adaptive cuckoo search -- Bat algorithm -- Bat algorithm inspiration -- Bat movement -- Bat algorithm variants -- Binary bat algorithm -- Chaotic bat algorithm -- 1st Chaotic bat algorithm -- 2nd Chaotic bat algorithm -- 3rd Chaotic bat algorithm -- Self-adaptive bat algorithm -- Step-control mechanism -- Mutation mechanism…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Encryption with Cybpher -- Summary -- Chapter 7: Elliptic Curves -- An overview of elliptic curves -- Operations on elliptic curves -- Scalar multiplication -- Implementing the D-H algorithm on elliptic curves -- Elliptic curve secp256k1: the Bitcoin digital signature -- Step 1: Generating keys -- Step 2: Performing the digital signature in secp256k1 -- Step 3: Verifying the digital signature -- A numerical exercise on a digital signature on secp256k1 -- Attacks on ECDSA and the security of elliptic curves -- Step 1: Discovering the random key, [k] -- Step 2: Recovering the private key, [d] -- Considerations about the future of ECC -- Summary -- Chapter 8: Introduction to Homomorphic Encryption and Crypto Search Engine -- Introduction to CSE: homomorphism -- Partial homomorphism in RSA -- Analysis of homomorphic encryption and its implications -- Math and logic behind search engines -- Introduction to trees: graph theory -- Huffman code -- Hash and Boolean logic -- CSE explained -- The innovation in CSE -- Computational analysis on CSE -- Example of computational brute-force cracking -- Applications of CSE -- The new frontier of CSE and a new quantum algorithm for message transmission: QTM -- Summary -- Section 4: Quantum Cryptography -- Chapter 9: Quantum Cryptography -- Introduction to Q-Mechanics and Q-Cryptography -- An experiment that changed the story of quantum -- An imaginary experiment to understand the elements of Q-Mechanics -- Step 1: superposition -- Step 2: the indeterminacy principle -- Step 3: spin and entanglement -- Origin of Q-Cryptography: quantum money -- QKD: BB84 -- Step 1: initializing the quantum channel -- Step 2: transmitting the photons -- Step 3: determining the shared key -- Analysis of attack and technical issues -- Quantum computing -- Shor's algorithm -- Hypothesis and thesis -- Step 1: initializing the qubits…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Regulation and Cell Biology of Bone -- Endogenous electromagnetic Properties of Bone -- Clinical Stimulation of Bone Healing with Electric and Magnetic Fields -- Potential Mechanisms of Electric-and Magnetic-Field Effects on Bone -- Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields on Signal Transduction in Bone -- A Hypothetical Scenario for Electric-and Magnetic-Field Effects on Bone -- DISCUSSION -- 5 Epidemiology -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- INTERPRETATION OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE -- Potential Sources of Error in Epidemiologic Studies -- Random Error -- Information Bias: Misclassification of Disease or Exposure -- Selection Bias -- Confounding and Effect Modification -- Criteria for Causality in Epidemiologic Studies -- CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY-RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURES -- Summary of Evidence -- Framework for the Interpretation of Evidence Linking Magnetic Fields to Childhood Cancer -- Are Wire Codes Associated with Cancer? …”

Tabla de Contenidos:

Tabla de Contenidos: “…5.4 Semaphores -- 5.5 Monitors -- 5.6 Message Passing -- 5.7 Readers/Writers Problem -- 5.8 Summary -- 5.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems -- Chapter 6 Concurrency: Deadlock and Starvation -- 6.1 Principles of Deadlock -- 6.2 Deadlock Prevention -- 6.3 Deadlock Avoidance -- 6.4 Deadlock Detection -- 6.5 An Integrated Deadlock Strategy -- 6.6 Dining Philosophers Problem -- 6.7 UNIX Concurrency Mechanisms -- 6.8 Linux Kernel Concurrency Mechanisms -- 6.9 Solaris Thread Synchronization Primitives -- 6.10 Windows Concurrency Mechanisms -- 6.11 Android Interprocess Communication -- 6.12 Summary -- 6.13 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems -- PART 3 MEMORY -- Chapter 7 Memory Management -- 7.1 Memory Management Requirements -- 7.2 Memory Partitioning -- 7.3 Paging -- 7.4 Segmentation -- 7.5 Summary -- 7.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems -- 7A Loading and Linking -- Chapter 8 Virtual Memory -- 8.1 Hardware and Control Structures -- 8.2 Operating System Software -- 8.3 UNIX and Solaris Memory Management -- 8.4 Linux Memory Management -- 8.5 Windows Memory Management -- 8.6 Android Memory Management -- 8.7 Summary -- 8.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems -- PART 4 SCHEDULING -- Chapter 9 Uniprocessor Scheduling -- 9.1 Types of Processor Scheduling -- 9.2 Scheduling Algorithms -- 9.3 Traditional UNIX Scheduling -- 9.4 Summary -- 9.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems -- Chapter 10 Multiprocessor, Multicore, and Real-Time Scheduling -- 10.1 Multiprocessor and Multicore Scheduling -- 10.2 Real-Time Scheduling -- 10.3 Linux Scheduling -- 10.4 UNIX SVR4 Scheduling -- 10.5 UNIX FreeBSD Scheduling -- 10.6 Windows Scheduling -- 10.7 Summary -- 10.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems -- PART 5 INPUT/OUTPUT AND FILES -- Chapter 11 I/O Management and Disk Scheduling -- 11.1 I/O Devices…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Conclusions -- 3.5. The mediation mechanism in Tunisia's retail banking sector -- 3.5.1. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Estimation of cohesive energy of NaCl molecule in a solid -- 1.4 Madelung constant -- Formulae -- Solved Problems -- Multiple Choice Questions -- Answers -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2: Crystal Structures -- 2.1 Introduction -- Distinction between crystalline and amorphous solids -- 2.2 Space lattice (or) crystal lattice -- 2.3 The basis and crystal structure -- 2.4 Unit cell and lattice parameters -- 2.5 Crystal systems and Bravais lattices -- 2.6 Structure and packing fractions of simple cubic [SC] structure -- 2.7 Structure and packing fractions of body-centred cubic structure [BCC] -- 2.8 Structure and packing fractions of face-centred cubic [FCC] structure -- 2.9 Diamond cubic structure -- 2.10 NaCl crystal structure -- 2.11 Caesium chloride [CsCl] structure -- 2.12 Zinc sulphide [ZnS] structure -- 2.13 Stacking sequence in metallic crystals -- 2.14 Calculation of lattice constant -- Solved Problems -- Multiple Choice Questions -- Answers -- Review Questions -- Chapter 3: Crystal Planes, X-ray Diffraction and Defects in Solids -- 3.1 Crystal planes, directions and Miller indices -- 3.2 Distance of separation between successive hkl planes -- 3.3 Imperfections in crystals -- 3.4 Energy for the formation of a vacancy and number of vacancies - at equilibrium concentration -- 3.5 Diffraction of X-rays by crystal planes and Bragg's law -- 3.6 Powder method -- 3.7 Laue method -- Formulae -- Solved Problems -- Multiple Choice Questions -- Answers -- Review Questions -- Chapter 4: Principles of Quantum Mechanics -- 4.1 Waves and particles - de Broglie hypothesis - Matter waves…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Estimation of cohesive energy of NaCl molecule in a solid -- 1.4 Madelung constant -- Formulae -- Solved Problems -- Multiple Choice Questions -- Answers -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2: Crystal Structures -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Space lattice (or) crystal lattice -- 2.3 The basis and crystal structure -- 2.4 Unit cell and lattice parameters -- 2.5 Crystal systems and Bravais lattices -- 2.6 Structure and packing fractions of simplecubic [SC] structure -- 2.7 Structure and packing fractions of body-centredcubic structure [BCC] -- 2.8 Structure and packing fractions of face-centredcubic [FCC] structure -- 2.9 Diamond cubic structure -- 2.10 NaCl crystal structure -- 2.11 Caesium chloride [CsCl] structure -- 2.12 Zinc sulphide [ZnS] structure -- 2.13 Stacking sequence in metallic crystals -- 2.14 Calculation of lattice constant -- Solved Problems -- Multiple Choice Questions -- Answers -- Review Questions -- Chapter 3: Crystal Planes, X-ray Diffraction and Defects in Solids -- 3.1 Crystal planes, directions and Miller indices -- 3.2 Distance of separation between successive hkl planes -- 3.3 Imperfections in crystals -- 3.4 Energy for the formation of a vacancy and number of vacancies at equilibrium concentration -- 3.5 Diffraction of X-rays by crystal planes and Bragg's law -- 3.6 Powder method -- 3.7 Laue method -- Formulae -- Solved Problems -- Multiple Choice Questions -- Answers -- Review Questions -- Chapter 4: Elements of Statistical Mechanics and Principles of Quantum Mechanics -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Phase space -- 4.3 Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution -- 4.4 Fermi-Dirac distribution…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…5.2 Civil Society Organizations -- 5.3 Initiatives Based on Information and Monitoring Systems -- 6 Regional Public Goods in Health Care: the European Union Experience -- 6.1 Long-Term Health Efforts -- 6.2 Crisis Management in Health Emergencies -- 7 Causes of Hampering the Supply of Global Public Goods for Global Health -- 8 Conclusions -- 14 Intellectual Property in Light of the WTO, the WIPO, the EU, and the OECD -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Intellectual Property and its Importance in the Modern World -- 3 Knowledge and Intellectual Property as a Global Public Good -- 4 Knowledge and Intellectual Property Management by Selected International Organizations (WTO, WIPO, EU, and OECD) and Sustainable Development -- 4.1 World Trade Organization (WTO) -- 4.1.1 Principles and Rules -- 4.1.2 Special Programs -- 4.1.3 Multilateral Negotiations -- 4.1.4 Assessment -- 4.2 World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) -- 4.2.1 Content and Development -- 4.2.2 Assessment -- 4.3 The European Union (EU) -- 4.3.1 Content and Development -- 4.3.2 Assessment -- 4.4 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) -- 4.4.1 Content and Development -- 4.4.2 Assessment -- 5 Conclusions -- Part 6 Digital Transformation and Smart Settlements -- 15 Digital Transformation Processes in Society and the Economy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Framework -- 3 Contextual Framework: Challenges to Society and the Economy -- 3.1 Transformations in the Labor Market -- 3.2 Transformations in Education -- 4 The Role of International Organizations: the ILO and the EU -- 4.1 The Role of the ILO in Promoting Mechanisms to Respond to Digital Challenges -- 4.2 Role of the ILO -- 4.3 The Role of the EU in Promoting Mechanisms Related to Digital Challenges -- 4.3.1 A Common Online Market Tackling Digital Challenges…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Mitigating the Downside Risks of a Persona -- Examples -- Bloom Continued -- SensAble Technologies -- Mechanical Water Filtration Systems Persona (B2B) -- Worksheet -- Summary -- Step 6 Full Life Cycle Use Case -- In This Step, You Will: -- Why This Step, and Why Now? …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Intro -- Table of Contents -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Preface -- 1 Cyber Quantum Computing (Security) Using Rectified Probabilistic Packet Mark for Big Data -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Denial-of-Service Attacks -- 1.3 Related Work -- 1.4 Proposed Methodology -- 1.5 Trace Back Mechanism for Rectified Probabilistic Packet Marking -- 1.6 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Secure Distinctive Data Transmission in Fog System Using Quantum Cryptography -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Properties of Quantum Computing -- 2.3 Applications of Quantum Computing -- 2.4 Background -- 2.5 Literature Survey -- 2.6 Proposed Work -- 2.7 Analysis of the Study -- 2.8 Conclusion -- References -- 3 DDoS Attack and Defense Mechanism in a Server -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 DoS Attack -- 3.3 DDoS Attack -- 3.4 DDoS Mitigation -- 3.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 4 Dark Web Content Classification Using Quantum Encoding -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Related Work -- 4.3 Proposed Approach -- 4.4 Result and Discussion -- 4.5 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Secure E-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Literature Survey -- 5.3 Implementation and Methodology -- 5.4 Result Analysis &amp -- Output -- 5.5 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References -- 6 An Overview of Quantum Computingâ€"Based Hidden Markov Models -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Elaboration of Hidden Quantum Markov Model -- 6.3 Example of HQMMs (Isolated Word Recognition in Action) -- 6.4 Matching of State Observation Density -- 6.5 Conclusion and Results -- References -- 7 Artificial Intelligence and Qubit-Based Operating Systems: Current Progress and Future Perspectives -- 7.1 Introduction to OS, AI and ML -- 7.2 Learning Configurations -- 7.3 Building ML Models -- 7.4 Work Done in Improving Process Scheduling…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…7-1 Introduction -- 7-2 The Orbital Description of the Alkene Double Bond -- 7-3 Elements of Unsaturation -- 7-4 Nomenclature of Alkenes -- 7-5 Nomenclature of Cis-Trans Isomers -- Summary: Rules for Naming Alkenes -- 7-6 Commercial Importance of Alkenes -- 7-7 Physical Properties of Alkenes -- 7-8 Stability of Alkenes -- 7-9 Formation of Alkenes by Dehydrohalogenation of Alkyl Halides -- 7-10 Unimolecular Elimination: The E1 Reaction -- Summary: Carbocation Reactions -- 7-11 Positional Orientation of Elimination: Zaitsev's Rule -- 7-12 Bimolecular Elimination: The E2 Reaction -- 7-13 Bulky Bases in E2 Eliminations -- Hofmann Orientation -- 7-14 Stereochemistry of the E2 Reaction -- 7-15 E2 Reactions in Cyclohexane Systems -- 7-16 Comparison of E1 and E2 Elimination Mechanisms -- Summary: Elimination Reactions -- 7-17 Competition Between Substitutions and Eliminations -- Summary: Substitution and Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides -- Problem-Solving Strategy: Predicting Substitutions And Eliminations -- 7-18 Alkene Synthesis by Dehydration of Alcohols -- 7-19 Alkene Synthesis by High-Temperature Industrial Methods -- Problem-Solving Strategy: Proposing Reaction Mechanisms -- Summary: Methods for Synthesis of Alkenes -- Essential Terms -- Study Problems -- Chapter 8. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…-- 1.2 History and Evolution of the Field -- 1.3 Reliability Modeling Approaches -- 1.3.1 Physics of Failure Approach -- 1.3.1.1 Performance-Requirement Model -- 1.3.1.2 Stress-Strength Model -- 1.3.1.3 Damage-Endurance Model -- 1.3.2 Failure Agents -- 1.4 Definitions -- 1.4.1 Reliability -- 1.4.2 Risk -- 1.4.3 Availability and Maintainability -- 1.4.4 Failure Modes and Failure Mechanisms -- 1.5 Systems, Functions, and Failure -- 1.5.1 Failure Modes and Mechanisms for Mechanical Equipment -- 1.5.2 Failure Modes and Mechanisms for Electrical Equipment -- 1.5.3 Human Functions, Failure, and Reliability -- 1.6 Putting It All Together: Risk Assessment Modeling -- 1.7 Exercises -- References -- Chapter 2 Basic Reliability Mathematics: Probability -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Events and Random Variables Used in Reliability -- 2.3 Sets and Boolean Algebra -- 2.4 Probability Terminology and Interpretations -- 2.4.1 Classical Interpretation of Probability (Equally Likely Concept, or Sample Space Partitioning) -- 2.4.2 Frequency Interpretation of Probability -- 2.4.3 Subjective Interpretation of Probability (Bayesian Probability -- Evidential Probability) -- 2.5 Laws and Mathematics of Probability -- 2.5.1 Definitions -- 2.5.2 Axioms of Probability and Their Implications -- 2.5.3 Mathematics of Probability -- 2.6 Probability Distribution Basics -- 2.6.1 Probability Distributions Defined -- 2.6.2 Distribution Properties -- 2.6.2.1 Central Tendency -- 2.6.2.2 Dispersion, Shape, and Spread -- 2.6.2.3 Covariance and Correlation -- 2.6.2.4 Algebra of Expectations -- 2.7 Probability Distributions Used in Reliability…”