Sumario

“…The author has researched both scientific papers and patents to include all the recent discoveries and applications"--…”

“…The Journal contains original and response articles, essays, and commentaries on a wide range of topics, including bioethics, neuroethics, genetics, reproductive technologies, stem cells, enhancement, patent law, and food and drug regulation…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Front Cover -- Elements of Information Organization and Dissemination -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- A Background -- A.1 Introduction -- A.2 Concept of IOD -- A.3 Need for IOD -- A.4 Role of IOD -- A.5 Nomenclature -- A.5.1 Other Names -- A.6 Definition of Documentation -- A.6.1 New Dimension -- A.6.2 Clear Scope -- A.6.3 New Context -- A.7 Main Facets -- A.7.1 Differences -- A.8 IOD Activities -- References -- B Information Sources -- B.1 Introduction -- B.2 Genesis of IS -- B.3 Varieties of IS -- B.3.1 Human Information Sources -- B.3.2 Institutional Information Sources -- B.3.3 Documentary Information Sources (DIS) -- B.3.3.1 Definition -- B.3.3.2 Recording Media and Technology -- B.3.3.3 Media of Presentation -- Advantages of IS in Print Medium -- Advantages of IS in Digital Medium -- B.3.3.4 Categories of DIS -- Binary Division -- Trinary Division -- Quaternary Division -- B.3.3.5 Characteristics of DIS -- Primary Information Sources -- Secondary Information Sources -- Tertiary Information Sources -- Differences Between DIS -- B.3.3.6 Nature of Printed DIS -- Book -- Periodical -- Report -- Pamphlet -- Research Paper -- Conference Paper -- Guide to Literature -- Patent Literature -- Standard -- Specification -- Trade Literature -- Manuscript -- Government Publication -- B.3.3.7 Nature of Non-printed DIS -- Electronic Publications -- Databases -- Internet/Web Resources -- B.3.3.8 Gray Literature -- Characteristics of GL -- Types of GL -- B.4 Importance of IS -- References -- C Information Users -- C.1 Introduction -- C.2 User -- C.2.1 User Community -- C.2.2 Types of User -- C.3 User Study (US) -- C.3.1 Types and Scope of US -- C.3.2 Need of US -- C.3.3 Objectives of US -- C.3.4 User Characteristics -- C.3.5 Benefits of User Study -- C.3.6 Guidelines for US -- C.4 Information Need -- C.4.1 Basis of Need -- C.4.2 Affecting Factors…”

“…This paper seeks to uncover attributes of inventions – as reflected in patent data – which serve as “leading indicators” of subsequent technological and market development in climate change mitigation technologies. …”

“…However, the measurement of non-technological innovation and of innovation in the service industries is currently very poor, as traditional data sources like R&D or patents do not apply to these types of innovations. …”

“…The report provides new evidence on joint industry-science patenting activity and academic start-ups, as well as on the impact of geographical proximity between research institutions and industry on local innovation. …”

Acceso restringido usuarios UPSA

“…The dual purposes of this paper are to establish whether survey-based measures of innovation are related to more widely used intermediate measures, such as R&D and patents, and to identify the principal factors that affect the probability of successful innovation. …”

“…Output indicators, such as the number of patents held abroad, suggest that there is much scope for improvement. …”

“…Transparency was low for net prices, input costs, patent expiry dates and clinical trial results and costs. …”