“…The analysis suggests that PISA rankings are noticeably stable thanks to the large enough pool of test items able to accommodate diverse preferences. …”

“…It concludes that product market imperfections are widespread and although large deviations of price ..…”

“…Large-scale natural disasters can have long-lasting effects on the labour market in affected areas in addition to their humanitarian and economic cost. …”

“…It then investigates how trial length is related to some of the underlying characteristics of the systems. There is a large cross-country variation in trial length and in appeal rates (a proxy of the predictability of decisions), which are only partially explained by restrictions to appeal. …”

“…In the long term, the demand for credit is hampered by large price-cost margins, which call for stiffer competition. …”

“…The housing boom is driven by strong economic growth, dynamic demographics and low interest rates. However, large tax advantages and relatively lenient credit policies by banks have also played their part, and prices may have become overvalued. …”

“…It first explores the implications of recent large asset-market related fluctuations in government revenues for the measurement of structural budget balances. …”

“…The results of the survey relies largely on the informed opinion of education officials regarding various aspects of the impact of the economic recession and fiscal crisis on education. …”

“…A considerable housing boom has been a key feature of persistently large saving-investment imbalances in New Zealand over the past decade. …”

“…Rapid economic growth over the past two decades has substantially increased employment in Luxembourg, which has largely been met by in–flows of cross–border workers and, to a lesser extent, immigration. …”

“…However, the standard macroeconomic balance approach ignores the uncertainty inherent in the model selection process given the relatively large number of possible determinants of current account balances. …”

“…Microeconomic theory helps us identify trade policy, competition by foreign producers and international investors, and openness-related differences in institution building costs and benefits, as three major transmission mechanisms through which openness affects a country’s corruption levels. Examining a large sample of countries covering a 20-year long period, we found robust empirical support for the fact that increases in import openness do indeed cause reductions in corruption, a crucial aspect of governance. …”

“…While there is a large literature on the economic theory of international standards, and their presumed effects, we know much less about how international standards work in practice. …”

“…Switzerland is a highly decentralised country with large spending and revenue-raising powers devolved to cantons and municipalities. …”

“…Despite large differences across countries, Latin America’s average investment-to-GDP ratio and the overall quality of infrastructure in the region are relatively low by international comparison. …”

“…The multi-factorial nature of the disease requires the collection, storage and processing of increasingly large and very heterogeneous datasets (behavioural, genetic, environmental, epigenetic, clinical data, brain imaging, etc.). …”

“…Large volumes of hazardous wastes are produced each year, however only a small proportion of them are radioactive. …”

“…Estimates suggest that previous measures seemingly underestimated investment in OC at the macro level, and that large sectoral differences exist. Manufacturing shows significant own-account investment in OC relative to the value added it generates. …”

“…However, taxpayer costs can be large, particularly for broad consumer subsidies or to build and carry grain stocks. …”

“…We implement an internationally comparative approach within a rigorous micro-econometric framework that accounts for the influences of a large set of student, family, school, and country characteristics. …”