“…Renewed concerns about competitive neutrality have also arisen from the market entry of SOEs domiciled in countries where the process of corporatisation has yet to run its full course.To counter these problems some OECD countries as well as the European Union have established specific competitive neutrality frameworks. These frameworks go beyond addressing the anti-competitive behaviour of SOEs, to also establish mechanisms to identify and eliminate such competitive advantages as they may have, including with respect to taxation, financing costs and regulatory neutrality. …”

“…This report compares the performance of 15-year-olds in the United States in PISA against the global patterns and trends. But it goes beyond the aggregate level analysis that have so far been published in the PISA 2012 reports, to give analysis of student performance on individual mathematics test items in order to reveal students’ strengths and weaknesses. …”

“…The first of these findings, documented in Part I of the study, is that there is clear evidence that developing countries have important service sector export interests beyond mode 4 (temporary movement of services supplying personnel), being global or regional players in sectors such as business services (out-sourcing), port and shipping services, audiovisual services, telecommunications, construction services and health services. …”

“…Groundwater has provided great benefits to agriculture irrigation in semi-arid OECD countries, but its intensive use beyond recharge in certain regions has depleted resources and generated significant negative environmental externalities. …”

“…Regional policy-makers face a distinctive challenge in that innovation takes place in international networks reaching far beyond their region‘s boundaries. What regional policy-makers can achieve is therefore constrained by the kind of firms and innovation networks already in their regions. …”

“…Second, students with higher PISA scores are much more likely to pursue education beyond high school and scores may operate both directly and indirectly through this channel to influence later outcomes. …”

“…It also moves the discussion beyond cost estimation to the potential and limits of economic and policy instruments - including insurance and risk sharing, environmental markets and pricing, and public private partnerships - that can be used to motivate adaptation actions…”

“…The analysis draws on data from over 20 OECD and non-OECD countries, including both developed nations that seek to move beyond established systems of state-run schools, and developing nations where formal and de facto policies promote more free-market approaches to educational expansion. …”

“…Germany committed itself to challenging greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets to 2020 and beyond. It has implemented a composite mix of policy measures to achieve its climate change mitigation goals, including a range of market-based instruments. …”

“…Indeed, in order to understand past reforms or to evaluate the tax policies of particular countries, it is necessary to go beyond statutory rates since these sometimes bear little relation to rates actually paid. …”

“…The benefits to activity of efficient spending in energy, water, transport and communication sectors go well beyond their contribution to capital accumulation. …”

“…To support these transformations, policies need to be spatially targeted, improve availability of market information and broaden the field of food security to policy domains beyond agriculture. They need to rely on homogeneous and reliable data – not available at present – particularly for key variables such as non-agricultural and agricultural population, marketed production and regional trade…”

“…A strategic vision is necessary to ensure that, during the exit from the crisis and beyond, governments will implement policies that are the most appropriate in terms of economic efficiency, environmental integrity and social equity, as well as coherent both at a national and an international level. …”

“…A new fiscal plan going beyond achieving a primary surplus should lay out concrete measures to raise revenues and control spending. …”

“…Results suggest that the cost of involuntary job loss is important and goes beyond the fall in earnings. Workers who are made redundant face relatively long spells of non-employment before getting back to work and their new jobs tend to be of lower quality than their pre-displacement jobs along a number dimensions. …”

“…In addition, test methods for the effects of sex hormones on non-reproductive processes such as brain development and behaviour are considered to be beyond the scope of this document. Accordingly, the DRP makes an inventory of existing OECD test methods relevant to the assessment of the effects of sex hormone-disrupters on the reproductive systems of humans and wildlife; describes relevant non-regulatory test methodologies used by the research community; makes a critical assessment of existing test methodologies to detect sex hormone-disrupting chemicals; identifies possible enhancements to existing test methodologies; and identifies both those non-regulatory test methodologies suitable for further development and outstanding research requirements…”

“…Users can build statistical tables based on specific variables, view and print reports as multidimensional tables or graphs, and download statistical data in IVT, XLS and CSV formats for use with Beyond 20/20's statistical software, Microsoft Excel or other programs…”

“…The use of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine may have consequences beyond their intended applications. The “One Health” concept recognizes that the health of humans is connected to the health of animals and the environment. …”

“…Eleven country reviews as well as five special theme articles follow, delving into domestic political, economic, security, and social developments during 2005 and their implications for countries in the region and beyond…”