Tabla de Contenidos: “…How the Discursive Perspective Might Inform Market Category Evolution -- Phase 1: Category Label and Protocategory Creation -- Phase 2: The Formation of the Category's Symbolic and Social Boundaries -- Creating a Category's Symbolic Boundaries -- Creating a Category's Social Boundaries -- Phase 3: Category Taken-for-Grantedness -- Phase 4: Category Decay -- Conclusion -- References -- Categorical Anarchy in the UK? The British Media's Classification of Bitcoin and the Limits of Categorization -- Introduction -- A Brief History of Money-Related Innovation in the United Kingdom -- From Barter to Electronic Payments -- The Bitcoin Innovation -- From the Underground to the Mainstream: The History of Bitcoin (2008-2015) -- Theoretical Motivation -- Labels and Categories: Definitions -- Misalignment between Labels and Categories -- Exploring Label and Category Emergence When Misalignment between the Two Is Likely -- Data Collection -- Empirical Analyses -- Preexisting Category Labels versus New Labels -- Identification and Coding of Labels -- The Prevalence of Preexisting Category Labels -- Macro Level: Assessing Fit within Clusters of Labels -- Cluster Analysis -- Within-Cluster Inconsistencies -- Meso Level: Assessing Fit between Bitcoin and Its Associated Labels -- Micro Level: Assessing Fit between Bitcoin's Stated Attributes -- Discussion and Contributions -- The Persistence of Labeling Inconsistencies -- The Limits of Categorization -- Contextual Factors Underlying the Limits of Categorization -- From Ineffective Categorization to Innovation Failure -- Is Bitcoin Unique? …”

“…New example based on the 2014 UK reform of housing taxation illustrating how a discontinuous function can have significant economic consequences. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Experiencia Erasmus en Reino Unido (UK) -- 4.2. Experiencia de alfabetización académica y mediática en el contexto latinoamericano -- 5. …”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…Insuring against liabilities arising on death -- Insuring against living too long -- Insuring for inheritance tax (IHT) -- Part: 3 Wealth Enhancement -- 14 General tax planning -- The main personal taxes -- Your tax risk profile -- Attacking aggressive tax planning -- Tax planning principles -- Practical ways of saving tax -- The need for professional advice -- 15 Single-premium investment bonds -- Tax deferral -- A warning on adviser charges -- Dividend income -- Bespoke investments -- 16 Minimising portfolio taxation -- Claiming losses -- Capital gains - the 30-day rule -- The individual savings account (IsA) allowance -- The four main non-pension investment tax wrappers -- 17 State and private pensions -- Basic state pension -- Additional state pension -- Single-tier state pension -- Private pensions -- Auto enrolment -- The contribution limits -- Qualified non-UK pension scheme (QnUps) -- 18 Managing your pension portfolio -- Cashflow needs -- Life expectancy and dependants -- Income and capital gains tax -- Pension lifetime allowance -- Impact of the lTA tax charge -- Protection against the lTA tax charge -- lTA tax charge mitigation strategies -- Investment strategy -- Estate planning -- Annuities -- Phased retirement or staggered vesting -- Pension drawdown -- Self-invested personal pensions (sIpps) -- Small self-administered scheme (ssAs) -- Qualifying recognised overseas pension schemes (Qrops) -- Part 4: Wealth Transfer and Succession -- 19 Later life planning -- Power of attorney -- Making wills in old age -- Long-term care fees -- Life assurance bonds -- Immediate care fees annuity -- The reality of care fees funding -- 20 Wealth succession -- Inheritance tax (IHT) -- Estate planning basics -- Deed of variation -- Life and pension policies -- Digital and virtual assets -- Normal expenditure out of surplus income exemption…”

Tabla de Contenidos: “…EU nationals' access to healthcare in the UK…”

“…It is appropriate for students taking IFTA CFTe Level I and II (US), STA Diploma (UK), Dip TA (Aus), and MTA CMT Level I, II, and III exams in financial technical analysis, as well as for students in undergraduate, graduate, or MBA courses. …”