Biosafety in the laboratory prudent practices for the handling and disposal of infectious materials
| Autor principal: | |
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| Autor Corporativo: | |
| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, D.C. :
National Academy Press
1989.
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| Edición: | 1st ed |
| Materias: | |
| Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009820338406719 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Biosafety In The Laboratory
- Copyright
- Preface
- Contents
- 1 Introduction, Overview, and Recommendations
- A- INTRODUCTION
- B- OVERVIEW
- Chapter 2- Descriptive Epidemiology of Occupational Infections of Laboratory Workers
- Chapter 3- Safe Handling of Infections Agents
- Chapter 4- Safe Disposal of Infectious Laboratory Waste
- Chapter 5- Safety Management
- C- RECOMMENDATIONS
- 1- Immunization
- 2- Serum Bank
- 3- Avoiding Exposure to Infectious Agents
- 4- Transportation and Shipment of Specimens
- 5- Labeling of Specimens
- 6- Biosafety in Large-Scale Production
- 7- Safe Disposal of Infectious Laboratory Waste
- 8- Administrative Organization and Responsibility
- 9- Facilities
- 10- Medical Program
- 11- Emergencies
- 2 Descriptive Epidemiology of Occupational Infections of Laboratory Workers
- A- INTRODUCTION
- B- THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRIAD
- 1- The Host
- 2- The Infectious Agent
- 3- The Environment
- C- LABORATORY-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS
- 1- Infectious Agents Presenting the Highest Risk
- 2- Infectious Agents Presenting the Lowest Risk
- 3- Other Infectious Agents
- 3 Safe Handling of Infectious Agents
- A- GUIDELINES FOR HANDLING PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS
- B- ORGANISMS POSING SPECIAL RISKS
- C- HAZARDS FROM VERTEBRATE ANIMALS AND INSECTS IN THE LABORATORY
- D- PRIMARY AND CONTINUOUS CELL CULTURES
- E- HANDLING OF NECROPSY AND SURGICAL SPECIMENS
- 1- Introduction
- 2- Necropsy
- a- Routine Necropsies
- b- Necropsies on Bodies Known to Be Infected
- 3- Surgical Pathology
- F- GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICES
- 1- Introduction
- 2- Routes of Exposure
- a- Contact Route
- b- Oral Route
- c- Ocular Route
- d- Inoculation Route
- e- Respiratory Route
- 3- Prevention of Exposure
- 4- The Seven Basic Rules of Biosafety
- 5- Summary
- G- TRANSPORTATION AND SHIPMENT OF SPECIMENS
- 1- Introduction.
- 2- Packaging. Shipping, and Handling of Biological Specimens
- H- LABELING OF SPECIMENS WITHIN THE LABORATORY
- I- PREVENTION OF AEROSOL AND DROPLET GENERATION
- 1- Introduction
- 2- Control of Aerosols and Droplets
- J- CONTAINMENT EQUIPMENT
- 1- Introduction
- 2- Biological Safety Cabinets
- 3- Pipetting Devices
- 4- Sonicators, Homogenizers, and Mixers
- 5- Clothing, Masks, and Face Shields
- K- BIOSAFETY IN LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION
- 1- Introduction
- 2- Organization and Responsibilities
- 3- Containment
- 4- Inactivation
- 5- Disposal
- 6- Exposure
- 7- Conclusion
- L- BIOSAFETY IN PHYSICIANS' OFFICE LABORATORIES AND OTHER SMALL VOLUME CLINICAL LABORATORIES
- 4 Safe Disposal of Infectious Laboratory Waste
- A- INTRODUCTION
- B- INFECTIOUS POTENTIAL OF LABORATORY WASTE
- 1- Risks to the General Public's Health
- 2- Occupational Risks
- C- CHARACTERISTICS OF INFECTIOUS LABORATORY WASTE
- D- RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE SAFE HANDLING AND DISPOSAL OF INFECTIOUS WASTE
- 1- GENERATORS OF INFECTIOUS WASTE
- 2- Haulers and Waste Treatment Facilities
- E- WASTE HANDLING AND TREATMENT METHODS
- 1- Basic Principles
- 2- Containment
- 3- Personal Protection
- 4- Chemical Decontamination
- 5- Steam Autoclaving
- 6- Incineration
- 7- Validation of Decontamination Methods
- F- INFECTIOUS WASTE REQUIRING SPECIAL CONSIDERATION
- 1- Mixed Waste
- 2- Human Cadavers and Other Anatomical Waste
- 3- Animal Bedding materials
- 4- "Sharps
- 5 Safety Management
- A- ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES
- 1- Introduction
- 2- The Laboratory Safety Program
- a- Goals of a Laboratory Safety Program
- b- Responsibility for Laboratory Safety
- c- Safety Plans
- d- Safety Meetings and Safety Committees
- e- Safety Communications
- f- Monitoring Safety
- B- FACILITIES
- 1- Introduction
- 2- Laboratory Design.
- a- Ventilation
- b- Electrical
- c- Water
- d- Sewage
- e- Vacuum
- f- Waste Handling
- g- Safety Equipment
- h- Traffic Flow Pattern
- i- Laundry
- j- Storage Areas
- 3- Constructing, Remodeling, and Decommissioning a Laboratory
- 4- Maintenance
- 5- Housekeeping
- C- OPERATIONS
- 1- Introduction
- 2- Safety Orientation and Continuing Education for Employees
- 3- Evaluation of Laboratory-Associated Hazards
- 4- Policy and Procedure Manuals
- 5- Accident Reports and Investigations
- 6- Recordkeeping
- 7- Auditing
- 8- Registry of Agents
- 9- Waste Management
- 10- Signs
- D- MEDICAL PROGRAM
- 1- General Principles
- 2- Conditions Increasing Employee Risk of Adverse Health Outcome
- a- Deficiencies of Host Defenses
- b- Reproductive Hazards
- c- Allergies
- 3- Program Design
- 4- Preplacement Examination (PPE)
- a- Medical History
- b- Occupational Health History
- c- Physical Examination
- d- Laboratory and Other Testing
- e- Serum Bank
- 5- Immunizations
- 6- Periodic Monitoring Examination (PME)
- 7- Postemployment Evaluation (PEE)
- 8- Agent-Specific Surveillance
- 9- Accident Reporting
- 10- Recordkeeping and Result Notification
- 11- Resources
- E- EMERGENCIES
- 1- Preparation and General Procedures
- a- Preparation
- b- General Emergency Procedures
- 2- Evacuation Procedures
- a- Emergency Alarm System
- b- Evacuation Routes
- c- Shutdown Procedures
- d- Start-Up Procedures
- e- Drills
- f- Power failure
- 3- Fires
- 4- Spills and Releases
- a- Infectious Agents
- b- Handling of Spilled Solids
- c- Biological Radioactive Emergencies
- 5- Other Emergencies
- F- REGULATION AND ACCREDITATION
- G- TEACHING BIOSAFETY IN ACADEMIC SETTINGS
- 1- Introduction
- 2- Safety in Laboratory Courses
- 3- Orientation and Training of Students.
- 4- Design of Safe Laboratory Exercises and Experiments
- 5- Monitoring and Recordkeeping
- References
- Appendixes
- Appendix A Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories
- CONTENTS
- SECTION I- INTRODUCTION
- SECTION II- PRINCIPLES OF BIOSAFETY
- SECTION III- LABORATORY BIOSAFETY LEVEL CRITERIA
- SECTION IV- VERTEBRATE ANIMAL BIOSAFETY LEVEL CRITERIA
- SECTION V- RECOMMENDED BIOSAFETY LEVELS FOR INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND INFECTED ANIMALS
- AGENT SUMMARY STATEMENTS
- Parasitic Agents
- Agent: Nematode parasites of humans
- Agent: Protozoal parasites of humans
- Agent: Trematode parasites of humans
- Agent: Cestode parasites of humans
- Fungal Agents
- Agent: Blastomyces dermatitidis
- Agent: Coccidioides immitis
- Agent: Cryptococcus neoformans
- Agent: Histoplasma capsulatum
- Agent: Sporothrix schenckii
- Agents: Pathogenic members of the genera Epidermophyton, Microsporum , and Trichophyton
- Bacterial Agents
- Agent: Bacillus anthracis
- Agent: Brucella (B. abortus, B. canis, B. melitensis, B. suis)
- Agent: Chlamydia psittaci, C. trachomatis
- Agent: Clostridium botulinum
- Agent: Clostridium tetani
- Agent: Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Agent: Francisella tularensis
- Agent: Leptospira interrogans-all serovars
- Agent: Legionella pneumophila
- other Legionella -like agents
- Agent: Mycobacterium leprae
- Agent: Mycobacterium spp. other than M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, or M. Leprae
- Agent: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis
- Agent: Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Agent: Neisseria meningitidis
- Agent: Pseudomonas pseudomallei
- Agent: Salmonella cholera-suis, S. enteritidis -all serotypes
- Agent: Salmonella typhi
- Agent: Shigella spp.
- Agent: Treponema pallidum
- Agent: Vibrionic enteritis ( Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus )
- Agent: Yersinia pestis.
- Rickettsial Agents
- Agent: Coxiella burnetii
- Agent: Rickettsia akari, Rochalimaea quintana , and Rochalimaea vinsonii
- Agent: Rickettsia prowazekii, Rickettsia typhi (R. mooseri), Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia canada and Spotted Fever…
- Agent: Rickettsia rickettsii
- Viral Agents
- Agent: Hepatitis A virus
- Agent: Hepatitis B, hepatitis non-A non-B
- Agent: Herpesvirus simiae (B-virus)
- Agent: Herpesviruses
- Agent: Influenza virus
- Agent: Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus
- Agent: Poliovirus
- Agent: Poxviruses
- Agent: Rabies virus
- Agents: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (Creutzfeldt-Jakob and kuru agents)
- Agent: Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)
- ARBOVIRUSES
- Arboviruses Assigned to Biosafety Level 2
- Arboviruses and Arenaviruses Assigned to Biosafety Level 3
- Arboviruses, Arenaviruses, or Filoviruses Assigned to Biosafety Level 4
- APPENDIX A BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINETS
- APPENDIX A IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS
- APPENDIX A SURVEILLANCE OF PERSONNEL FOR LABORATORY-ASSOCIATED RICKETTSIAL INFECTIONS
- APPENDIX A IMPORTATION AND INTERSTATE SHIPMENT OF HUMAN PATHOGENS AND RELATED MATERIALS
- APPENDIX A RESTRICTED ANIMAL PATHOGENS
- APPENDIX A.6 RESOURCES FOR INFORMATION
- LITERATURE CITED
- Appendix B 1988 Agent Summary Statement for HIVs, Including HTLV-III, LAV, HIV-1, and HIV-2
- CONTENTS
- 1988 AGENT SUMMARY STATEMENT FOR HIVS, INCLUDING HTLV-III, LAV, HIV-1, AND HIV-2
- INTRODUCTION
- HIV AGENT SUMMARY STATEMENT AGENT: HIVS INCLUDING HTLV-III, LAV, HIV-1, AND HIV-2
- LABORATORY HAZARDS
- RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS
- ADDENDUM 1
- LABORATORY BIOSAFETY LEVEL CRITERIA
- Biosafety Level 2
- Biosafety Level 3
- VERTEBRATE ANIMAL BIOSAFETY LEVEL CRITERIA
- Animal Biosafety Level 2
- Animal Biosafety Level 3
- ADDENDUM 2- CDC CAUTIONARY NOTICE
- REFERENCES.
- Appendix C Recommendations for Prevention of HIV Transmission in Health-Care Settings.
