Mathematics and physics of emerging biomedical imaging
| Corporate Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
Washington, D.C. :
National Academy Press
1996.
|
| Edition: | 1st ed |
| Subjects: | |
| See on Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009820333306719 |
Table of Contents:
- Mathematics and Physics of Emerging Biomedical Imaging
- Copyright
- PREFACE
- Contents
- Chapter 1 Introduction and Summary
- PLATE CAPTIONS
- Chapter 2 X-Ray Projection Imaging
- 2.1 INTRODUCTION
- 2.2 MAMMOGRAPHY
- 2.2.1 Scanning Methods
- 2.2.2 Area Detectors
- 2.3 CHEST RADIOGRAPHY
- 2.3.1 Scanning Methods
- 2.3.2 Area Detectors
- 2.4 DIGITAL FLUOROSCOPY
- 2.5 PORTAL IMAGING
- 2.6 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 2.7 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 3 X-Ray Computed Tomography
- 3.1 INTRODUCTION
- 3.1.1 History
- 3.1.2 Principle of Operation
- 3.2 PRESENT STATUS OF CT INSTRUMENTATION AND TECHNOLOGY
- 3.2.1 X-Ray Tubes
- 3.2.2 Detector Systems
- 3.2.3 Image Artifacts
- 3.2.4 Quantitative CT
- 3.2.5 Requirements for High-Speed CT
- 3.3 SPIRAL CT
- 3.4 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNIQUES
- 3.5 DATA HANDLING AND DISPLAY TECHNIQUES
- 3.6 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 3.7 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- 4.1 PRINCIPLES OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
- 4.2 HARDWARE
- 4.2.1 Magnet Systems: Current Status and Opportunities
- 4.2.2 Pulsed-field MRI Systems
- 4.2.3 Radio-frequency Coils for MRI
- Computational Design of RF Coils
- Cooled Receiver Coils for MR Imaging
- Use of Multiple Receivers
- 4.2.4 Magnetic Field Gradients
- Local versus Whole-Body Gradients
- Design Considerations
- Applications
- Bioeffects
- 4.2.5 Research Opportunities for MRI Hardware
- Magnet Systems
- Pulsed-field MRI
- RF Coils
- Gradient Systems
- 4.2.6 Suggested Reading Related to MRI Hardware
- Magnet Systems
- Pulsed-field MRI
- RF Coils
- Gradient Systems
- 4.3 DYNAMIC MR IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION
- 4.3.1 Partial Fourier Reconstruction
- Predominantly One-sided Data Collection
- Predominantly Every Other Point
- Collecting Multiple Echoes
- Two- and Three-Dimensional Extensions
- 4.3.2 Reduced Gibbs Ringing.
- Iterative Sigma Filtering
- Constraint-based Methods
- Parametric Estimation
- 4.3.3 High-speed K-space Coverage Techniques
- 4.3.4 Research Opportunities in Dynamic MR Image Reconstruction
- 4.3.5 Suggested Reading Related to Dynamic MR Image Reconstruction
- 4.4 APPLICATIONS OF DYNAMIC MRI
- 4.4.1 Blood Flow
- Fourier Velocity Encoding
- RF Pulses
- Measurement of Wave Speed and Distensibility
- Postprocessing
- Conclusions Related to MR Imaging of Blood Flow
- 4.4.2 Diffusion Imaging
- Measurement of Diffusion Coefficients in vivo
- Mapping of Diffusion Tensor
- 4.4.3 Other Tissue Parameters
- Relaxation Times
- Oxygen
- Strain
- 4.4.4 Functional Brain MRI
- Contrast Mechanism
- Imaging Techniques
- Hardware Requirements
- Field Strength Considerations As discussed above, local field gradients
- Processing of Functional Images
- Safety Considerations
- Biophysical Modeling
- 4.4.5 Multinuclear MRI
- MR Spectroscopy and Spectroscopic Imaging
- Injected Paramagnetic Contrast Agents and Hyperpolarized Noble Gases
- 4.4.6 Microscopic Imaging
- Resolution
- Signal-to-Noise Ratios
- Gradients
- Diffusion
- Motion
- Future Applications of in vivo MRI Microscopy
- 4.4.7 Research Opportunities Related to Applying Dynamic MRI
- Blood Flow
- Diffusion Imaging
- Other Tissue Parameters
- Functional Brain MRI
- Multinuclear MRI
- Microscopic Imaging
- 4.4.8 Suggested Reading on Applications of Dynamic MRI
- Blood Flow
- Diffusion Imaging
- Other Tissue Parameters
- Functional Brain MRI
- Multinuclear MRI
- Microscopic Imaging
- Chapter 5 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
- 5.1 INTRODUCTION
- 5.2 PHYSICAL AND INSTRUMENTATION FACTORS THAT AFFECT SPECT IMAGES
- 5.3 SPECT INSTRUMENTATION
- 5.3.1 SPECT System Designs
- 5.3.2 Special Collimators
- 5.3.3 New Radiation Detector Technologies.
- 5.4 SPECT IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION
- 5.4.1 The SPECT Reconstruction Problem
- 5.4.2 SPECT Image Reconstruction Methods
- Compensation Methods
- Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Methods for Special Collimator Designs
- 5.5 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 5.6 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 6 Positron Emission Tomography
- 6.1 INTRODUCTION
- 6.1.1 History
- 6.1.2 Applications
- 6.1.3 Principle of Operation
- 6.2 CURRENT STATUS OF PET TECHNOLOGY
- 6.2.1 γ-Ray Detectors
- 6.2.2 Limitations of the Spatial Resolution
- 6.2.3 System Electronics
- 6.2.4 Data Correction and Reconstruction Algorithms
- 6.3 THREE-DIMENSIONAL ACQUISITION AND RECONSTRUCTION
- 6.3.1 Principle of Three-Dimensional Acquisition
- 6.3.2 Three-Dimensional Reconstruction
- 6.3.3 Scatter Correction in Three Dimensions
- 6.3.4 Attenuation Correction in Three Dimensions
- 6.4 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 6.5 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 7 Ultrasonics
- 7.1 INTRODUCTION
- 7.2 INSTRUMENTATION
- 7.2.1 Transducers
- Field Distributions
- Acoustics and Vibration
- Electromechanical Properties of Ferroelectric Materials
- 7.2.2 Ultrasonic Beam Forming
- 7.2.3 Signal Processing
- 7.3 SCATTERING
- 7.4 ULTRASONIC TOMOGRAPHY
- 7.5 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 7.6 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 8 Electrical Source Imaging
- 8.1 INTRODUCTION
- 8.2 OUTLINE OF ESI RECONSTRUCTION METHODS
- 8.2.1 Forward Problem
- 8.2.2 Inverse Problem
- 8.2.3 Temporal Regularization
- 8.3 RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES
- 8.4 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 9 Electrical Impedance Tomography
- 9.1 INTRODUCTION
- 9.2 COMPARISON TO OTHER MODALITIES
- 9.3 PRESENT STATUS OF EIT AND LIMITATIONS
- 9.4 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 9.5 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 10 Magnetic Source Imaging
- 10.1 INTRODUCTION
- 10.2 MATHEMATICAL CONSIDERATIONS
- 10.3 SOURCE MODELS
- 10.4 RESOLUTION
- 10.5 SUMMARY.
- 10.6 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 10.7 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 11 Medical Optical Imaging
- 11.1 INTRODUCTION
- 11.2 DATA ACQUISITION STRATEGIES
- 11.3 COMPARISONS WITH OTHER IMAGING MODALITIES
- 11.4 POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OF OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY
- 11.5 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 11.6 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 12 Image-Guided Minimally Invasive Diagnostic and Therapeutic Interventional Procedures
- 12.1 THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION EXPERIENCE WITH DIFFERENT IMAGING MODALITIES
- 12.1.1 X-Ray Imaging
- 12.1.2 Computed Tomography
- 12.1.3 Ultrasound
- 12.1.4 Endoscopy
- 12.1.5 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- 12.2 THE ROLES OF IMAGING IN THERAPY
- 12.2.1 Planning
- 12.2.2 Guidance
- 12.2.3 Monitoring and Localization
- 12.2.4 Control
- 12.3 THERMAL SURGERY
- 12.3.1 Interstitial Laser Therapy
- 12.3.2 Cryotherapy
- 12.3.3 Focused Ultrasound
- 12.4 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES
- Planning
- Guidance and Localization
- Monitoring
- Control
- Instruments and Systems
- 12.5 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 13 Frontiers of Image Processing for Medicine
- 13.1 IMAGE SEGMENTATION
- 13.2 COMPUTATIONAL ANATOMY
- 13.3 REGISTRATION OF MULTIMODALITY IMAGES
- 13.4 SYNTHESIS OF PARAMETRIC IMAGES
- 13.5 DATA VISUALIZATION
- 13.6 TREATMENT PLANNING
- 13.7 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 13.8 Suggested Reading
- Chapter 14 A Cross-Cutting Look at the Mathematics of Emerging Biomedical Imaging
- 14.1 MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR PARTICULAR IMAGING MODALITIES
- 14.1.1 Transmission Computed Tomography
- 14.1.2 Emission Computed Tomography
- 14.1.3 Ultrasound Computed Tomography
- 14.1.4 Optical Tomography
- 14.1.5 Electrical Impedance Tomography
- 14.1.6 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- 14.1.7 Vector Tomography
- 14.1.8 Tensor Tomography
- 14.1.9 Magnetic Source Imaging
- 14.1.10 Electrical Source Imaging
- 14.2 FORWARD PROBLEMS.
- 14.3 INVERSE PROBLEMS
- 14.4 ILL-POSEDNESS AND REGULARIZATION
- 14.4.1 The Tikhonov-Phillips Method
- 14.4.2 The Truncated Singular Value Decomposition
- 14.4.3 Iterative Methods
- 14.4.4 Regularization by Discretization
- 14.4.5 Maximum Entropy
- 14.5 SAMPLING
- 14.5.1 Sampling in Real Space
- 14.5.2 Sampling in Fourier Space
- 14.6 PRIORS AND SIDE INFORMATION
- 14.7 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
- 14.8 Suggested Reading
- Index.
