Recognition and alleviation of pain and distress in laboratory animals

Recognition and alleviation of pain and distress in laboratory animals

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor Corporativo: Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.). Committee on Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals (-)
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press 1992.
Edición:1st ed
Materias:
Laboratory animals > Diseases.
Pain in animals.
Laboratory animals > Effect of stress on.
Animal welfare.
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009820308406719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • 1 Introduction
  • GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS OF THE BIOLOGIC IMPORTANCE OF PAIN, STRESS, AND DISTRESS
  • DEFINITIONS
  • STRESSORS
  • DISTRESS MODELS
  • DISTRESS NOT INDUCED BY PAIN
  • DISTRESS INDUCED BY PAIN
  • 2 The Basis of Pain
  • PERIPHERAL MECHANISMS OF NOCICEPTION
  • MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION AND PAIN
  • DORSAL HORN NOCICEPTIVE MECHANISMS
  • THALAMOCORTICAL MECHANISMS
  • DESCENDING CONTROL MECHANISMS
  • 3 The Basis of Stress and Distress Not Induced by Pain
  • INTRODUCTION
  • ECOLOGY AND THE CAPTIVE ENVIRONMENT
  • RELATIONSHIPS WITH CONSPECIFICS
  • Social Space
  • Crowding
  • Deprivation
  • Positive Social Stimulation
  • PREDATOR-PREY AND DEFENSIVE RELATIONSHIPS
  • SHELTER
  • SPATIAL ARCHITECTURE
  • FEEDING AND FORAGING
  • Adaptability
  • Response to Novel Foods
  • Need for Variety
  • Free Choice
  • Food Wastage
  • Transition from Milk to Solid Foods
  • Food Searching
  • Predictability of Feeding Times
  • ENVIRONMENTAL EVENTS
  • RESEARCH APPROACHES
  • 4 Recognition and Assessment of Pain, Stress, and Distress
  • RECOGNITION AND ASSESSMENT OF PAIN
  • CLINICAL APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF PAIN
  • Assessing Vocalizations
  • Responses to Handling
  • Acute Pain
  • Chronic Pain
  • Classification of Procedures Likely to Cause Pain
  • SPECIES-TYPICAL SIGNS
  • Similarities and Differences in Signs Among Humans and Animals
  • Nonhuman Primates
  • Dogs
  • Cats
  • Rabbits
  • Laboratory Rodents
  • Horses
  • Cattle
  • Sheep and Goats
  • Pigs
  • Birds
  • Reptiles
  • Fish
  • RECOGNITION AND ASSESSMENT OF STRESS AND DISTRESS
  • DIAGNOSIS OF STRESS AND DISTRESS
  • Assessing an Animal's Records
  • Assessing the Environment
  • Stress and Distress Caused by Lack of Environmental Stimuli
  • Assessing a Species and an Individual Animal.
  • Assessing Behavior
  • PHYSIOLOGIC AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF PAIN AND STRESS
  • PHARMACOLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF DISTRESS
  • 5 Control of Pain
  • PHARMACOLOGIC CONTROL OF PAIN
  • GENERAL ANESTHESIA
  • Inhalational Anesthesia
  • Intravenous Anesthesia
  • BARBITURATES
  • Common Examples
  • Clinical Use
  • Pharmacologic Effects
  • Dose Recommendations (Table 5-3)
  • DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHETICS-CYCLOHEXAMINES
  • Common Example
  • Clinical Use
  • Pharmacologic Effects
  • Dose Recommendations (Tables 5-4 and 5-5)
  • NEUROLEPTANALGESICS
  • Common Example
  • Clinical Use
  • Pharmacologic Effects
  • Dose Recommendations (Table 5-6)
  • OPIOID AGONISTS, AGONIST-ANTAGONISTS, AND ANTAGONISTS
  • Common Examples
  • Clinical Use
  • Pharmacologic Effects
  • Dose Recommendations (Table 5-7)
  • NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
  • Common Examples
  • Clinical Use
  • Pharmacologic Effects
  • Dose Recommendations (Table 5-9)
  • SPECIAL ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS
  • a-Chloralose
  • Urethane
  • Use of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
  • Control of Pain in Nonmammalian Species
  • Neonatal and Fetal Surgery
  • NONPHARMACOLOGIC CONTROL OF PAIN
  • HYPOTHERMIA
  • TONIC IMMOBILITY
  • ACUPUNCTURE
  • 6 Control of Stress and Distress
  • PHARMACOLOGIC CONTROL OF STRESS AND DISTRESS
  • PHENOTHIAZINES
  • Common Examples
  • Clinical Use
  • Pharmacologic Effects
  • Dose Recommendations (Table 6-1)
  • BUTYROPHENONES
  • Common Examples
  • Clinical Use
  • Pharmacologic Effect
  • Dose Recommendations
  • BENZODIAZEPINES
  • Common Examples
  • Clinical Use
  • Pharmacologic Effects
  • Dose Recommendations
  • a2-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
  • Common Examples
  • Clinical Uses
  • Pharmacologic Effects
  • Dose Recommendations (Tables 5-4, 5-5, and 6-2)
  • NONPHARMACOLOGIC CONTROL OF STRESS AND DISTRESS
  • HUSBANDRY AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
  • Relationships with Conspecifics
  • Predator-Prey Relationships
  • Shelter.
  • Spatial Architecture (Volume, Structure, and Topography)
  • Feeding and Foraging Patterns
  • Environmental Events
  • SOCIALIZATION AND HANDLING
  • ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT
  • EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
  • 7 Euthanasia
  • GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
  • EUTHANASIA AS AN OPTION FOR ALLEVIATION OF PAIN
  • WHEN TO PERFORM EUTHANASIA
  • AESTHETICS OF EUTHANASIA: TRAINING, SKILL, AND EMOTIONAL IMPACT ON PEOPLE
  • RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS
  • AVOIDING FEAR IN OTHER ANIMALS
  • ADJUNCTS TO EUTHANASIA
  • VERIFICATION OF DEATH
  • SELECTION OF EUTHANATIZING AGENTS AND METHODS
  • Inhalational Agents
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Consideration of Behavior
  • PHYSICAL METHODS
  • Stunning
  • Cervical Dislocation
  • Decapitation
  • Gunshot
  • Microwave Irradiation
  • Double Pithing
  • Rapid Freezing
  • Exsanguination
  • NONINHALATIONAL PHARMACOLOGIC AGENTS
  • Barbituric Acid Derivatives
  • T-61
  • Other Drugs
  • RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SPECIFIC ANIMALS
  • DOGS AND CATS
  • FERRETS
  • RABBITS
  • LABORATORY RODENTS
  • NONHUMAN PRIMATES
  • BIRDS
  • AMPHIBIANS, FISH, AND REPTILES
  • References
  • Index.

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