Basic Modeling and Theory of Creep of Metallic Materials

This open access book features an in-depth exploration of the intricate creep behavior exhibited by metallic materials, with a specific focus on elucidating the underlying mechanical properties governing their response at elevated temperatures, particularly in the context of polycrystalline alloys....

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal:	Sandström, Rolf (-)
Formato:	Libro electrónico
Idioma:	Inglés
Publicado:	Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland 2024.
Edición:	1st ed. 2024.
Colección:	Springer Series in Materials Science, 339
Materias:	Building materials. Materials science. Metals. Condensed matter. Structural Materials. Materials Science. Metals and Alloys. Condensed Matter Physics.
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:	https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009792975406719

Tabla de Contenidos:

Intro
Preface
Contents
1 The Role of Fundamental Modeling
1.1 Background
1.2 Description
1.3 Objectives
1.4 Layout
1.5 Supplementary Material
References
2 Stationary Creep
2.1 The Creep Process
2.2 Empirical Models of Secondary Creep
2.3 Dislocation Model
2.3.1 Work Hardening
2.3.2 Dynamic Recovery
2.3.3 Static Recovery
2.3.4 Accumulated Dislocation Model
2.4 The cL Parameter
2.5 Secondary Creep Rate
2.6 Dislocation Mobility
2.6.1 Climb Mobility
2.6.2 The Glide Mobility
2.6.3 Cross-Slip Mobility
2.6.4 The Climb Glide Mobility
2.7 Application to Aluminum
2.8 Application to Nickel
2.9 Summary
References
3 Stress Strain Curves
3.1 General
3.2 Empirical Methods to Describe Stress Strain Curves
3.3 Basic Model
3.3.1 The Model
3.3.2 Application to Parent Metal
3.3.3 Application to Welds
3.4 The ω Parameter in Dynamic Recovery
3.5 Summary
References
4 Primary Creep
4.1 General
4.2 Empirical Models for Creep Strain Curves
4.3 Dislocation Controlled Primary Creep
4.4 Stress Adaptation
4.4.1 Model
4.4.2 Numerical Integration
4.4.3 Applications
4.5 12% Cr Steels
4.5.1 Dislocation Model
4.5.2 Simulated Creep Curves
4.6 Summary
References
5 Creep with Low Stress Exponents
5.1 General
5.2 Model for Diffusional Creep
5.3 Grain Boundary Creep
5.4 Constrained Grain Boundary Creep
5.5 Primary Creep at Low Stresses
5.6 Creep at Low Stresses in an Austenitic Stainless Steel
5.7 Creep in Aluminium at Very Low Stresses (Harper-Dorn Creep)
5.8 Creep in Copper at Low Stresses
5.8.1 Creep of Cu-OFP at 600 °C
5.8.2 Creep of Copper at 820 °C
5.8.3 Creep of Copper at 480 °C
5.9 Summary
References
6 Solid Solution Hardening
6.1 General
6.2 The Classical Picture.
6.2.1 Observations
6.2.2 Issues with the Classical Picture
6.3 Modeling of Solid Solution Hardening. Slowly Diffusing Elements
6.3.1 Lattice and Modulus Misfit
6.3.2 Solute Atmospheres
6.4 Drag Stress
6.5 Modeling of Solid Solution Hardening. Fast Diffusing Elements
6.6 Summary
References
7 Precipitation Hardening
7.1 General
7.2 Previous Models for the Influence of Particles on the Creep Strength
7.2.1 Threshold Stress
7.2.2 Orowan Model
7.2.3 The Role of the Energy Barrier
7.3 Precipitation Hardening Based on Time Control
7.4 Application of the Precipitation Hardening Model
7.4.1 Analyzed Materials
7.4.2 Pure Copper
7.4.3 Cu-Co Alloys
7.5 Summary
References
8 Cells and Subgrains. The Role of Cold Work
8.1 General
8.2 Modeling of Subgrain Formation
8.2.1 The Stress from Dislocations
8.2.2 Formation of Subgrains During Creep
8.2.3 Cell Formation at Constant Strain Rate
8.3 Influence of Cold Work on the Creep Rate
8.4 Formation of a Dislocation Back Stress
8.5 Summary
References
9 Grain Boundary Sliding
9.1 General
9.2 Empirical Modeling of GBS During Superplasticity
9.3 Grain Boundary Sliding in Copper
9.4 Superplasticity
9.5 Summary
References
10 Cavitation
10.1 General
10.2 Empirical Cavity Nucleation and Growth Models
10.3 Cavitation in 9% Cr Steels
10.4 Basic Model for Cavity Nucleation
10.4.1 Thermodynamic Considerations
10.4.2 Strain Dependence
10.4.3 Comparison to Experiments for Copper
10.4.4 Comparison to Experiment for Austenitic Stainless Steels
10.5 Models for Cavity Growth
10.5.1 Unconstrained Cavity Growth Model
10.5.2 Constrained Cavity Growth
10.5.3 Strain Controlled Cavity Growth
10.5.4 Growth Due to Grain Boundary Sliding
10.6 Summary
References.
11 The Role of Cavitation in Creep-Fatigue Interaction
11.1 General
11.2 Empirical Principles for Development of Creep-Fatigue Damage
11.2.1 Fatigue and Creep Damage
11.2.2 Loops During Cyclic Loading
11.3 Deformation During Cyclic Loading
11.3.1 Basic Model for Hysteresis Loops
11.3.2 Application of the Cycling Model
11.4 Cavitation
11.4.1 Nucleation of Cavities
11.4.2 Cavity Growth
11.5 Summary
References
12 Tertiary Creep
12.1 General
12.2 Empirical Models for Tertiary Creep and Continuum Damage Mechanics
12.2.1 Models for Tertiary Creep
12.2.2 Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM)
12.3 Particle Coarsening
12.4 Dislocation Strengthening During Tertiary Creep
12.4.1 The Role of Substructure During Tertiary Creep
12.4.2 Accelerated Recovery Model
12.5 Necking
12.5.1 Hart's Criterion
12.5.2 Use of Omega Model
12.5.3 Basic Dislocation Model
12.5.4 Multiaxial Stress States
12.6 Summary
References
13 Creep Ductility
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Empirical Ductility Models
13.3 Basic Ductility Methods
13.3.1 Brittle Rupture
13.3.2 Ductile Rupture
13.4 The Role of Multiaxiality
13.4.1 Diffusion Controlled Growth
13.4.2 Strain Controlled Growth
13.4.3 Growth Due to Grain Boundary Sliding (GBS)
13.4.4 Comparison of Models
13.5 Summary
References
14 Extrapolation
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Empirical Extrapolation Analysis
14.2.1 Basic TTP Analysis
14.2.2 The ECCC Post-assessment Tests
14.2.3 Use of Neural Network (NN)
14.3 Error Analysis in Extrapolation
14.3.1 Model for Error Analysis
14.3.2 Error Analysis with PATs
14.3.3 Error Analysis with NN
14.4 Basic Modeling of Creep Rupture Curves
14.4.1 General
14.4.2 Secondary Creep Rate
14.4.3 Creep Strain Curves
14.4.4 Cavitation
14.4.5 Rupture Criteria.
14.4.6 Extensive Extrapolation of the Creep Rate for Cu
14.4.7 Creep Rupture Predictions for Austenitic Stainless Steels
14.5 Summary
Appendix: Derivatives in Neural Network Models (Reproduced from [37] with Permission)
References.

Basic Modeling and Theory of Creep of Metallic Materials

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