Civic space review of Romania
The Civic Space Review of Romania provides an in-depth analysis of national legal frameworks, policies, institutions, and practices relevant to civic space protection. It reviews strengths and areas for improvement, and providing guidance on a wide range of issues. The Review assesses four key dimen...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Autor Corporativo: | |
| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Paris :
OECD Publishing
2023.
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| Edición: | 1st ed |
| Materias: | |
| Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009754409106719 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Intro
- Foreword
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations and acronyms
- Executive summary
- Protecting civil liberties and empowering oversight mechanisms
- Strengthening access to information, media freedoms and protected online civic space
- Policies and practices to provide an enabling environment for CSOs
- More inclusive and collaborative citizen and stakeholder participation
- 1 Introduction to the protection of civic space in Romania
- 1.1. Setting the scene: Romania's strategic vision for civic space
- 1.1.1. Institutional arrangements and main actors with a mandate related to the protection of civic space
- 1.2. The changing role of civil society in Romania
- 1.3. Key challenges ahead to strengthen civic space in Romania
- 1.3.1. Low democratic participation and lack of trust between the government and civil society
- 1.3.2. Social inequalities, discrimination and social exclusion
- 1.3.3. Pressure on access to information and the media sector
- 1.3.4. Online civic space and digitalisation
- 1.4. Conclusion
- References
- Notes
- 2 The OECD approach to civic space in Romania
- 2.1. Civic space for open government
- 2.2. Methodology underpinning the Civic Space Review of Romania
- References
- Notes
- 3 The protection of civic freedoms in Romania
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Restrictions on civic freedoms during the COVID-19 pandemic
- 3.3. Promoting freedom of expression
- 3.3.1. Constitutional recognition and legislation
- Defamation as an exception to freedom of expression
- Hate speech as an exception to freedom of expression
- 3.3.2. Addressing implementation challenges and identifying opportunities for freedom of expression
- Raising awareness of hate speech and seeking long-term solutions
- 3.4. Protecting freedom of peaceful assembly
- 3.4.1. Constitutional recognition and legislation.
- 3.4.2. Addressing implementation challenges and identifying opportunities for freedom of peaceful assembly
- 3.5. Safeguarding freedom of association
- 3.5.1. Constitutional recognition and legislation
- 3.5.2. Addressing implementation challenges and identifying opportunities for freedom of association
- 3.6. Committing to equality and non-discrimination
- 3.6.1. Constitutional recognition and legislation
- Key national strategies and other government actions
- 3.6.2. Addressing implementation challenges and identifying opportunities for equality and non-discrimination
- Improving the inclusion of ethnic minorities, including the Roma community
- Ensuring equal participation for persons with disabilities
- Countering discrimination against the LGBTI community
- Strengthening gender equality and combating violence against women
- 3.7. Empowering oversight mechanisms to promote civic freedoms
- 3.7.1. Non-judicial complaints mechanisms
- The People's Advocate (ombudsman)
- The National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)
- The National Council for Combating Discrimination
- Addressing challenges and identifying opportunities for oversight bodies
- 3.7.2. Strengthening the role of the judicial system in protecting civic space
- Improving the independence, quality and efficiency of the judicial system
- References
- Notes
- 4 Media freedoms and civic space in the digital age in Romania
- 4.1. Introduction
- 4.2. Access to information
- 4.2.1. Constitutional recognition and existing legal frameworks
- 4.2.2. Addressing barriers to ATI across the public administration
- 4.2.3. Ensuring ATI is inclusive
- 4.3. Press freedom
- 4.3.1. Legal and regulatory frameworks
- 4.3.2. The current status of press freedom and journalistic freedom of expression.
- 4.3.3. Tackling challenges to free and pluralistic media
- Political pressure, censorship and self-censorship
- Transparency of media ownership
- Combatting online restrictions on freedom of expression and press freedom
- Promoting media literacy and combatting mis- and disinformation
- Reducing barriers for journalists and media outlets
- SLAPPs being used to deny information and silence journalists
- The GDPR restricting ATI
- Recognising and addressing hate speech and harassment targeting journalists
- Establishing centralised support for the media sector
- 4.4. Digitalisation, personal data protection and online civic space
- 4.4.1. Ongoing initiatives and programmes for digitalisation in Romania
- Internal challenges to implementing Romania's digital agenda
- Strengthening the institutional architecture
- Increasing knowledge and skills among public officials and attracting talent
- 4.4.2. Reducing barriers to inclusive digitalisation
- Expanding Internet coverage and usage
- Bridging digital divides by enhancing ICT literacy
- 4.4.3. Protecting personal data and privacy
- Legal frameworks
- Institutional frameworks and constraints
- 4.5. Emerging technology and civic space
- 4.5.1. Use of AI in the public sector and its potential impact on civic space
- 4.5.2. Ongoing strategies and initiatives for AI
- References
- Notes
- 5 The enabling environment for civil society organisations in Romania
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.1.1. An introduction to the civil society sector in Romania
- Overview of the CSO landscape in Romania
- Available data on the sector
- 5.1.2. Strengthening partnerships with the civil society sector
- 5.2. Key legal and policy frameworks governing freedom of association and their implementation
- 5.2.1. Streamlining the registration process for CSOs
- 5.2.2. Reviewing public utility status for CSOs.
- Increasing the value and benefits of public utility status
- 5.2.3. Improving access to funding for CSOs
- Addressing uneven access to funding in practice
- Ensuring the autonomy of CSOs
- 5.2.4. Unlocking the potential of Romania's Open Government Strategy
- References
- Notes
- 6 Citizen and stakeholder participation in Romania
- 6.1. Introduction
- 6.2. The general context for citizen and stakeholder participation in Romania
- 6.2.1. Stakeholder perceptions of participation practice
- 6.3. Key legal and policy frameworks and institutions governing participation
- 6.3.1. Public consultations on draft normative acts
- 6.3.2. Participation in public meetings
- 6.3.3. Social dialogue commissions and other forms of consultative bodies
- 6.4. Making participatory practices more effective and inclusive
- 6.4.1. Improving participatory processes for greater impact
- Enhancing online participation portals
- Improving planning and communication before, during and after citizen and stakeholder consultations
- Involving citizens and stakeholders in decision-making at an earlier stage
- Introducing transparent and responsive feedback and evaluation mechanisms
- 6.4.2. Strengthening participation at the sub-national level
- 6.4.3. Creating opportunities for more inclusive dialogue with citizens and CSOs, involving underrepresented and marginalised groups
- 6.4.4. Reducing the use of emergency ordinances
- 6.5. Adopting new and innovative approaches to citizen and stakeholder participation in Romania
- 6.5.1. Promoting innovation and cross-government learning on participation
- References
- Notes.
