Development Co-Operation Report 2023.
In the last three years, multiple global crises and the growing urgency of containing climate change have put current models of development co-operation to, perhaps, their most radical test in decades. The goal of a better world for all seems harder to reach, with new budgetary pressures, demands to...
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| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Paris :
Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development
2023.
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| Edition: | 1st ed |
| Series: | Development Co-Operation Report
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| See on Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009720379506719 |
Table of Contents:
- Intro
- Preface
- The OECD can help development actors navigate a changing landscape
- Foreword
- Acknowledgements
- Editorial
- Development co-operation in 2023: The times, they are a-changing
- Abbreviations and acronyms
- Executive summary
- Crises and geopolitical shifts are challenging the aid system but also opening an opportunity for it to change
- Staying relevant requires delivering on past commitments and responding to new calls for change
- With priorities changing, development actors must be more agile and adaptable
- Ways forward for the aid system (Infographic)
- Overview: Keeping development co-operation relevant and impactful amid daunting challenges
- Development co-operation under pressure to meet new demands amid crises
- Aid budgets and capacity are under unprecedented pressure as progress falters on the 2030 Agenda
- Reflections on the aid system point to constraints and opportunities to better address shared global challenges
- Ways forward for keeping development co-operation relevant and impactful
- Meeting finance commitments, unlocking progress
- Support locally led transformation in partner countries
- Modernise business models and financial management practices to align strategies, budgets and delivery
- Rebalance power relations and find common ground for partnerships
- References
- Notes
- Part I The political economy of aid
- Part I The political economy of aid
- 1 In my view: Development co-operation must tackle complex challenges better and protect the most vulnerable
- References
- Note
- 2 Development Strategies in a changing global political economy
- Key messages
- The problem: Challenges to international development co-operation
- Geopolitical effects
- The debt-infrastructure-sustainability nexus
- Security and stability threats
- Threats to multilateralism.
- The politics: Geopolitical competition also presents opportunities for development
- The policies: Do not overlook the power of domestic political economy
- Towards a new agenda for international development
- Address the global political economy challenge
- Improve co-operation among donors to prevent duplication of efforts
- Reinforce the value and legitimacy of multilateralism
- Greening international development co-operation
- In the context of growing power rivalries and polarisation, developing countries should strengthen regional development and security co-operation
- Address domestic political economy challenges
- Base development strategies on local strengths and structural transformation rather than focusing on deficiencies
- Developing countries themselves should engage stakeholders to develop a long-term vision within an institutional framework and leverage endogenous innovation to achieve long-term economic transformation
- Leverage the strengths of ODA in crisis situations and fragile contexts, using it to steer other resources, and increase transparency and accountability of ODA flows for the public and recipients
- Address transversal challenges
- Leverage the role of emerging technologies and the Fourth Industrial Revolution
- Give gender and youth the place they deserve in development
- Capitalise on the global private sector
- Conclusion
- References
- 3 In focus: Reforming climate finance
- Key messages
- Soaring climate costs underscore a critical need for "new and additional" finance
- Greater climate finance transparency can ensure promises are kept to the Global South
- Debt-free climate finance must become the norm
- Tracking gender-responsive finance is key to measuring impact and equity
- A new global climate finance goal is an opportunity to commit to climate justice
- References
- Notes.
- 4 In my view: The untapped potential of innovative financing and humanitarian organisations
- Reference
- 5 In my view: Is the aid sector racist?
- Note
- 6 In focus: Transitioning out of aid dependency in health
- Key messages
- Aid helps some health outcomes but perpetuates inefficiencies and dependency
- 1. Dependency on external finance leads low-income countries to deprioritise health in their own budgets
- Debt relief is not the panacea for low domestic spending on health
- 2. Power asymmetries in health financing undermine country ownership
- Transitioning to more equitable and locally accountable health financing
- 1. Shift aid from basic health services to global and regional public goods by 2030
- 2. Shift strategic decision making to regional- and country-level forums
- 3. Stop conditioning aid on buying products and services from the donor country
- 4. Strengthen health expertise and supply chains developed by and for the Global South
- References
- Note
- 7 In my view: Are feminist foreign policies translating to real action?
- References
- Notes
- Part II Relevance in a complex system
- Part II Relevance in a complex system
- 8 Maximising official development assistance
- Key messages
- Snapshot of DAC members' performance against ambitions in the 2010s
- Delivering on financing commitments
- Global and domestic pressures impact the value of ODA and developing countries' resources
- ODA is a small government expenditure item but could be affected by a gloomy economic outlook
- For developing countries, the role ODA plays depends on other external flows, domestic resources and levels of debt
- Ripple effects of the strong US dollar on aid and developing countries' costs
- ODA levels have failed to reach international targets.
- Adoption of the 0.7% target has been uneven and budget cuts are hampering progress
- Practical and conceptual challenges undermine progress towards the 0.7% ODA/GNI target
- Targets can be interpreted as caps
- New financing targets could undermine ODA
- Perceptions regarding developing countries' capacity to spend ODA effectively to achieve development outcomes
- Challenges to the concept of the 0.7% ODA/GNI target
- Focusing on collective impact
- Responding to crises may have implications for ODA composition and focus
- ODA is not consistently allocated according to need
- DAC members have not achieved the ODA/GNI target for the LDCs
- Allocation of bilateral ODA has become more focused on middle-income countries
- ODA is not allocated according to poverty or inequality metrics
- Categorisations of need overlap while the use of allocation models is at an early stage
- Budget cuts, increased earmarking and lack of strategic engagement undermine the value of the multilateral system
- Improving ODA quality
- Concessional lending is an important ODA mechanism, but conditions should be closely monitored
- Budget support increased during the COVID-19 crisis, reigniting debates about impact, conditionalities and relevance
- ODA spending is spread out across many countries and dominated by low value projects
- Support to and through country systems is decreasing and focus on the political economy needs to be stepped up
- Untying ODA contributes to value for money and country ownership, but the urgency needed to overcome long-standing barriers is lacking
- Making the Recommendation more inclusive
- Taking policy coherence to the next level
- Identifying the focus of coherence efforts
- Designing arbitration mechanisms and understanding policy sets.
- Measurement approaches are yet to mature and their outcomes to be embedded in decision making
- Conclusion
- References
- Annex 8.A. Methodological note
- Annex 8.B. Synthesis of DAC statements on challenges to meeting commitments
- Annex 8.C. DAC members' commitment and progress towards the United Nations official development assistance target of 0.7% of gross national income
- Annex 8.D. DAC members' bilateral development finance institutions
- Notes
- 9 In my view: Reinventing official development assistance: From an Arlequin tapestry to a more inspiring Kandinsky-Kasse moment
- References
- Notes
- 10 In focus: Aid effectiveness in Afghanistan, Mali and South Sudan
- Key messages
- Aid did not make extremely fragile contexts more stable, capable or better governed
- Donors overestimate capacity and underestimate resistance by entrenched elites
- Development co-operation providers must mind the opportunity costs
- Rethink, reset and be realistic about what aid can truly achieve in fragile settings
- Note
- 11 In my view: Funding more proximately is not risky but not doing so is
- In ignoring local resources, the aid system disempowers the very communities it targets
- References
- Notes
- 12 In focus: Enablers of locally led development
- Key messages
- Stronger evidence on the benefits and challenges of locally led development is needed
- Long-term core funding is more likely to foster sustainable outcomes and local ownership
- Localisation also calls for support for diverse partnerships tailored to local conditions
- Providers need to reframe risks, shift institutional culture and build internal capacities
- Some providers are starting to progressively redress power imbalances
- Anticipating how localisation may shift local political and economic dynamics can help avoid common pitfalls.
- Collective understanding of localisation, built on insights from experiences, would boost accountability.
