OECD economic outlook. 99

OECD economic outlook 99 99 /

The OECD Economic Outlook is the OECD's twice-yearly analysis of the major economic trends and prospects for the next two years.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (author)
Corporate Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, author, issuing body (author)
Format: eBook
Language:Inglés
Published: Paris : OECD Publishing [2016]
Edition:2016th ed
Subjects:
Economic development.
Economic forecasting.
Economic history.
See on Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009705916506719
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Table of contents
  • Summary of projections
  • Editorial: Policymakers: Act now to break out of the low-growth trap and deliver on our promises
  • Chapter 1. General Assessment of the Macroeconomic Situation
  • Introduction
  • Economic prospects and risks
  • Figure 1.1. Global GDP growth is set to remain subdued
  • Figure 1.2. Non-OECD import volume growth collapsed in 2015
  • Figure 1.3. Financial conditions in major advanced economies have become less supportive
  • Table 1.1. The global recovery will gain momentum only slowly
  • Figure 1.4. GDP growth projections for the major economies
  • Table 1.2. OECD labour market conditions will improve slowly
  • Figure 1.5. Labour market outcomes are improving slowly
  • Figure 1.6. Weak investment and productivity growth have hit potential output growth
  • Figure 1.7. Capital stock growth and the investment rate will pick up from low levels
  • Figure 1.8. Investment growth is expected to strengthen in the euro area and the United States
  • Figure 1.9. The composition of total investment growth in advanced countries will continue to differ
  • Figure 1.10. Contributions to the annual growth of OECD and non-OECD import volumes
  • Table 1.3. World trade growth remains very weak
  • Figure 1.11. China is on-shoring its value chain
  • Figure 1.12. Stronger trade growth would help to boost productivity
  • Figure 1.13. Broad measures of labour market slack remain elevated
  • Figure 1.14. Participation rates have risen but labour force growth has slowed in several countries
  • Figure 1.15. The relationship between wage growth and unemployment has changed in some countries
  • Figure 1.16. Energy prices have pulled down inflation across the OECD
  • Figure 1.17. The unemployment gap has recently contributed little to price inflation
  • Box 1.1. Financial market shocks from Brexit.
  • The impact of financial shocks on real GDP by 2018
  • Figure 1.18. Credit has increased substantially in some large EMEs
  • Figure 1.19. EME's external vulnerabilities have increased due to exchange rate depreciations
  • Policy requirements
  • Figure 1.20. Real short and long-term interest rates have been low or negative
  • Box 1.2. Effects of central bank negative interest rates
  • Interest rates have become negative across different maturities
  • Characteristics of negative interest rate frameworks
  • Figure 1.21. The slope of the yield curve has declined
  • Figure 1.22. Some central banks have become dominant holders of domestic government bonds
  • Figure 1.23. Markets have become pessimistic about the outlook for banks
  • Figure 1.24. Fiscal stances in OECD countries
  • Box 1.3. Conditions for an increase in public investment to lift growth in OECD economies
  • Long-term effect of a sustained increase in public investment by 0.5% of GDP
  • Box 1.4. Structural reform priorities in difficult macroeconomic conditions
  • Bibliography
  • Annex 1.1. Policy and other assumptions underlying the projections
  • Annex 1.2 Indicators of potential financial vulnerabilities
  • Bibliography
  • Table 1.A2.1. Indicators of potential financial vulnerabilities
  • Table 1.A2.2. Financial-accounts-related risk factors to financial stability
  • Chapter 2. Promoting Productivity and Equality: A Twin Challenge
  • Summary
  • Introduction
  • The twin challenge: Slowing productivity and rising inequality
  • Figure 2.1. Productivity growth has declined since the 1990s
  • Figure 2.2. Labour income of the typical worker has grown less than productivity
  • Figure 2.3. The redistributive power of taxes and transfers has declined since the 1990s
  • Figure 2.4. Disposable income inequality has increased since 1990.
  • Figure 2.5. Labour productivity growth has been low during the cyclical downturn after the global financial crisis
  • Figure 2.6. The productivity gap between the globally most productive firms and other firms has widened
  • Figure 2.7. Labour income inequality and productivity dispersion across firms are positively correlated
  • Policies to promote productivity and equality
  • Table 2.1. The effects on growth, productivity and equality vary across different public spending policies
  • Figure 2.8. Changing the spending structure in favour of public investment can deliver large income gains for households across the distribution
  • Figure 2.9. Reduced regulation in network industries has increased income across the distribution
  • Figure 2.10. Reduced regulation in network industries has increased labour market transitions for low-income groups
  • Figure 2.11. Equity finance has been more favourable to growth than credit finance
  • Conclusion
  • Figure 2.12. The financial sector wage premium¹ increases along the earnings distribution
  • Bibliography
  • Chapter 3. Developments in Individual OECD and Selected Non-Member Economies
  • Australia
  • Austria
  • Belgium
  • Brazil
  • Canada
  • Chile
  • China
  • Colombia
  • Costa Rica
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Euro Area
  • Finland
  • France
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • India
  • Indonesia
  • Ireland
  • Israel
  • Italy
  • Japan
  • Korea
  • Latvia
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Mexico
  • Netherlands
  • New Zealand
  • Norway
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Russia
  • Slovak Republic
  • Slovenia
  • South Africa
  • Spain
  • Sweden
  • Switzerland
  • Turkey
  • United Kingdom
  • United States
  • Statistical Annex
  • Annex Tables
  • Annex Table 1. Real GDP
  • Annex Table 2. Nominal GDP
  • Annex Table 3. Real private consumption expenditure
  • Annex Table 4. Real public consumption expenditure.
  • Annex Table 5. Real total gross fixed capital formation
  • Annex Table 6. Real gross private non-residential fixed capital formation
  • Annex Table 7. Real gross residential fixed capital formation
  • Annex Table 8. Real total domestic demand
  • Annex Table 9. Foreign balance contributions to changes in real GDP
  • Annex Table 10. Quarterly demand and output projections
  • Annex Table 11. Contributions to changes in real GDP in OECD countries
  • Annex Table 12. Output gaps
  • Annex Table 13. GDP deflators
  • Annex Table 14. Private consumption deflators
  • Annex Table 15. Consumer price indices
  • Annex Table 16. Oil and other primary commodity markets
  • Annex Table 17. Compensation per employee
  • Annex Table 18. Labour productivity
  • Annex Table 19. Employment and labour force
  • Annex Table 20. Labour force, employment and unemployment
  • Annex Table 21. Unemployment rates: national definitions
  • Annex Table 22. Harmonised unemployment rates
  • Annex Table 23. Quarterly price, cost and unemployment projections
  • Annex Table 24. Potential GDP and productive capital stock
  • Annex Table 25. Structural unemployment and unit labour costs
  • Annex Table 26. Household saving rates
  • Annex Table 27. Gross national saving
  • Annex Table 28. Household wealth and indebtedness
  • Annex Table 29. General government total outlays
  • Annex Table 30. General government total tax and non-tax receipts
  • Annex Table 31. General government financial balances
  • Annex Table 32. General government cyclically-adjusted balances
  • Annex Table 33. General government underlying balances
  • Annex Table 34. General government underlying primary balances
  • Annex Table 35. General government net debt interest payments
  • Annex Table 36. General government gross financial liabilities
  • Annex Table 37. General government net financial liabilities.
  • Annex Table 38. Maastricht definition of general government gross public debt
  • Annex Table 39. Short-term interest rates
  • Annex Table 40. Long-term interest rates
  • Annex Table 41. Nominal exchange rates (vis-à-vis the US dollar)
  • Annex Table 42. Effective exchange rates
  • Annex Table 43. Nominal house prices
  • Annex Table 44. Real house prices
  • Annex Table 45. House price-to-rent ratio
  • Annex Table 46. House price-to-income ratio
  • Annex Table 47. Export volumes of goods and services
  • Annex Table 48. Import volumes of goods and services
  • Annex Table 49. Export prices of goods and services
  • Annex Table 50. Import prices of goods and services
  • Annex Table 51. Indicators of competitiveness based on relative consumer prices
  • Annex Table 52. Indicators of competitiveness based on relative unit labour costs
  • Annex Table 53. Export market growth in goods and services
  • Annex Table 54. Export performance for total goods and services
  • Annex Table 55. Import penetration
  • Annex Table 56. Shares in world exports and imports
  • Annex Table 57. Geographical structure of world trade growth
  • Annex Table 58. Trade balances for goods and services
  • Annex Table 59. Balance of primary income
  • Annex Table 60. Balance of secondary income
  • Annex Table 61. Current account balances
  • Annex Table 62. Current account balances as a percentage of GDP
  • Annex Table 63. Structure of current account balances of major world regions.

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