Low-Level Radioactive Waste Repositories : An Analysis of Costs

Low-Level Radioactive Waste Repositories An Analysis of Costs

Low-level radioactive waste (LLW) arises in the normal operation of nuclear power plants and fuel cycle facilities, as well as from the use of radioactive isotopes in medicine, industry and agriculture. This report sets out the costs of operating disposal sites for LLW in OECD countries, as well as...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Autores Corporativos: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (-), Nuclear Energy Agency
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Paris : OECD Publishing 1999.
Colección:Nuclear Development
Materias:
Nuclear Energy
Low level radioactive waste disposal facilities > Costs.
Radioactive waste sites > Costs.
Radioactive waste disposal > Costs.
Radioactive waste repositories
Civil & Environmental Engineering
Engineering & Applied Sciences
Environmental Engineering
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009705637306719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 Background and objectives of the study
  • 1.2 Scope of the study
  • 1.3 Methodology used and structure of the report
  • 1.4 Other related studies
  • 2. LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
  • 2.1 Repository Concepts
  • 2.1.1 Introduction
  • 2.1.2 Near-surface disposal
  • 2.1.3 Disposal in caverns at intermediate depth (cavern-based repository)
  • 2.1.4 Geological disposal
  • 2.1.5 Institutional control after closure
  • 2.2 Overview of low-level radioactive waste disposal in NEA countries
  • 2.2.1 Policy, strategy and regulation of LLW disposal
  • 2.2.2 Owner/operator of disposal facility
  • 2.2.3 Waste origin and waste classification
  • 2.3 Overview of LLW disposal in each country .
  • 2.3.1 Australia
  • 2.3.2 Belgium
  • 2.3.3 Canada
  • 2.3.4 Czech Republic
  • 2.3.5 Finland
  • 2.3.6 France
  • 2.3.7 Germany
  • 2.3.8 Hungary
  • 2.3.9 Italy
  • 2.3.10 Japan
  • 2.3.11 Korea
  • 2.3.12 Spain
  • 2.3.13 Sweden
  • 2.3.14 Switzerland
  • 2.3.15 United Kingdom
  • 2.4 Summary of LLW disposal in NEA countries
  • 3. COST COMPONENTS, DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY
  • 3.1 Cost components
  • 3.1.1 Repository costs
  • 3.1.2 Additional LLW management costs
  • 3.2 Data collection
  • 3.2.1 Development of a questionnaire
  • 3.2.2 Summary of cost data provided for the study
  • 3.2.3 Uncertainties and gaps in the data.2.4 Consistency of data and basis for comparison and analyses of cost factors
  • 3.3 Methodology for data comparison
  • 3.3.1 General background
  • 3.2 Definition of factors used in cost data comparison
  • 4. ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING REPOSITORY COSTS
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Technical factors affecting costs
  • 4.2.1 Planning and licensing
  • 4.2.2 Construction
  • 4.2.3 Operation
  • 4.2.4 Decommissioning and closure
  • 4.2.5 Post-closure activities
  • 4.2.6 LLW volume from nuclear power generation
  • 4.3 Non-technical factors affecting costs
  • 4.3.1 Socio-political factors
  • 4.3.2 Regulatory requirements
  • 4.3.3 Taxes and insurance
  • 4.3.4 Finance
  • 4.3.5 Timing
  • 4.3.6 Land acquisition and cost of services
  • 5. IMPACT ON NUCLEAR ELECTRICITY GENERATION COSTS
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Cost per unit volume – simple summation of cost elements
  • 5.3 Cost per kWh
  • 5.4 Sample calculation for discounted costs
  • 6. CONCLUSION
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES
  • GLOSSARY
  • LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
  • ANNEX 1: List of Expert Group Members
  • ANNEX 2: Country Reports on low-level waste repository costs

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