United States, 2012.
OECD's 2012 survey of the US economy examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects and takes a more detailed look at labour market policies and strengthening innovation.
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| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
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Paris :
OECD
2012.
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| Colección: | OECD Economic Surveys
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| Materias: | |
| Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009705300506719 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Monetary policy continues to support the recovery in various waysTable 1. Main macroeconomic and financial indicators; Figure 3. The energy-related spike in inflation is projected to fade away; The general government budget deficit has started to decline; Figure 4. Fiscal deficits are large; Table 2. Federal budget deficits will fall sharply in the next two years if current law is not amended; Consolidation measures should be chosen to enhance long-term growth prospects and reduce inequality; Figure 5. Federal budget balances and debt held by the public under various consolidation scenarios
- A longer-run concern is the slow growth in labour income for much of the populationProgress in education attainment is critical to securing future gains in income; Figure 9. Hourly compensation has lagged behind the gains in labour productivity; Figure 10. US tertiary attainment rates have stagnated in recent decades; Community colleges are a cost-effective means of raising human capital; Advance the skills of high school graduates with high-quality vocational training; Box 2. Recommendations for promoting job creation and earnings growth; Income inequality
- Several factors have contributed to a rise in income inequalityFigure 11. Income inequality has increased to a high level; Education reform has the potential for a double dividend: higher growth and less inequality; Reforms to the tax system can help in reducing income inequality; Figure 12. The US tax system is effective in reducing inequality by OECD standards; but not the transfer system; Figure 13. A significant part of the income of the wealthy comes from capital, 2011; Table 3. Effective tax rates on real income vary widely across asset classes
- Better targeting and simplifying of transfer programmes would help combat poverty
