States of Fragility 2022.
The report outlines the state of fragility in 2022, reviews current responses to it, and presents options to guide better policies for better lives in fragile contexts.
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| Autor Corporativo: | |
| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
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Paris :
Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development
2022.
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| Edición: | 1st ed |
| Colección: | States of Fragility Series
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| Materias: | |
| Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009704826406719 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Intro
- Foreword
- Acknowledgements
- Editorial
- Table of contents
- Abbreviations and acronyms
- Executive summary
- Charting a path through crises in fragile contexts
- Reacting to the evidence on fragility in an age of crises as well as on the state of responses to crises and fragility
- Infographic 1. Key characteristics of fragile contexts
- Chapter 1 Fragility in an age of crises
- In brief: Fragility in an age of crises
- The state of fragility in a world of dramatically shifting risks and global crises
- Box 1.1. The multidimensional impact of Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine on fragile contexts
- Box 1.2. Explaining the fifth edition of the OECD'S multidimensional fragility framework
- Figure 1.1. Fragility increased worldwide from 2020 to 2021, reaching a ten-year high in extremely fragile contexts
- Figure 1.2. Deaths from violent conflict increased sharply from 2020 to 2021 in fragile contexts, reversing a declining trend
- Figure 1.3. Though fragility is global, it is concentrated in the 60 fragile contexts across its six dimensions
- Figure 1.4. Fragility increased systematically in fragile contexts from 2019 to 2021 across all six dimensions
- Box 1.3. Movements onto and off the 2022 edition of the OECD'S multidimensional fragility framework
- Figure 1.5. Across dimensions at the context level, there were significant oscillations in fragility from 2019 to 2021 even as fragility increased on average in extremely fragile contexts
- Infographic 1.1. The OECD's multidimensional fragility framework
- What are the main trends in fragile contexts?
- Figure 1.6. Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals varies considerably, but fragile contexts overall are at risk of being left behind
- Box 1.4. The state of data to track sustainable development goal progress in fragile contexts.
- Figure 1.7. Data are missing in fragile contexts for more than 50% of sustainable development goal indicators across nine goals
- Figure 1.8. The percentage of people who felt less safe in 2019 than they did in 2014 varies across fragile contexts, underscoring that fragility and conflict, while related, are not synonymous
- Infographic 1.2. Conflict and fragility
- Figure 1.9. Volatile protest events from 2019 to 2022 reflect, in part, underlying fragilities and reactions to COVID-19 movement restrictions
- Box 1.5. Fragility is an explanatory factor in the recent increase in coup events
- Figure 1.10. Fragility is associated with coup events and particularly so in recent years
- Infographic 1.3. Gender inequality and fragility
- Figure 1.11. In fragile contexts, the population is expected to increase significantly more than in the rest of the world
- Figure 1.12. By 2030, 86% of the world's extreme poor are projected to live in fragile contexts, with extremely fragile contexts accounting for one out of every three people in extreme poverty
- Infographic 1.4. COVID-19 in fragile contexts
- Figure 1.13. The gender digital divide within fragile contexts is significant, and men have greater access to the Internet than women in most contexts for which data are available
- Infographic 1.5. Inequality and fragility
- Figure 1.14. In the majority of fragile contexts, more than 60% of the population is unable to afford a healthy diet
- Box 1.6. Environmental and political challenges are driving fragility in the middle East and North Africa
- Figure 1.15. Fragile contexts generate forced displacement and host refugees and internally displaced persons
- Infographic 1.6. Forced displacement, migration and fragility
- References
- Notes
- Chapter 2 The state of responses to crises and fragility.
- In brief: The state of responses to crises and fragility
- Complex fragility and crises are reshaping financial responses to fragility
- Figure 2.1. The recent surge of official development assistance to fragile contexts, and particularly extremely fragile contexts, is targeted towards the humanitarian pillar of the triple nexus
- Infographic 2.1. Official development assistance to fragile contexts
- Figure 2.2. Low tax-to-GDP ratios are linked to fragility
- Figure 2.3. Fragility is not limited to low-income economies
- Figure 2.4. Foreign direct investment is highly variable in fragile contexts, with significant outflows between 2011 and 2020
- Figure 2.5. Remittances still make up a significant proportion of GDP for some fragile contexts
- Infographic 2.2. Economic and financial risks in fragile contexts
- Figure 2.6. Debt-to-gross national income ratios are increasing towards pre-HIPC levels
- Policy responses need to span the dimensions of fragility
- Box 2.1. Sri lanka and sud an illustrate the economic challenges of navigating out of fragility
- Infographic 2.3. Climate and environmental fragility
- Figure 2.7. DAC members' official development assistance (across the triple nexus) is not associated with levels of fragility
- References
- Notes
- Chapter 3 Charting a path through crises in fragile contexts
- In brief: Charting a path through crises in fragile contexts
- Ambition 1: Embracing a multidimensional approach
- Ambition 2: Promoting collective action in financing, policy and programming
- Ambition 3: Bridging the divide between development and peace
- Box 3.1. Strategic guidance on joint programming: the example of the European Union
- Leverage the DAC's voice to provide strategic leadership in an age of crises
- References
- Notes
- Annex A. Methodological notes.
- The methodology for the OECD's multidimensional fragility framework
- Financial statistics
- References.
