Wind energy handbook
"Fully revised and updated, now covering offshore wind turbines, this is a comprehensive description of the mechanical, electrical, aerodynamic, meteorological and planning aspects of modern wind turbines. Fully revised and updated, this second edition addresses key developments in the wind tec...
| Otros Autores: | |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Chichester, West Sussex :
Wiley
2011.
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| Edición: | 2nd ed |
| Materias: | |
| Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009665123806719 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Wind Energy Handbook; Contents; About the Authors; Preface to Second Edition; Acknowledgements for First Edition; Acknowledgements for Second Edition; List of Symbols; Figures C1 and C2 - Co-ordinate Systems; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Historical development; 1.2 Modern wind turbines; 1.3 Scope of the book; References; Further reading; 2 The wind resource; 2.1 The nature of the wind; 2.2 Geographical variation in the wind resource; 2.3 Long-term wind speed variations; 2.4 Annual and seasonal variations; 2.5 Synoptic and diurnal variations; 2.6 Turbulence; 2.6.1 The nature of turbulence
- 2.6.2 The boundary layer2.6.3 Turbulence intensity; 2.6.4 Turbulence spectra; 2.6.5 Length scales and other parameters; 2.6.6 Asymptotic limits; 2.6.7 Cross-spectra and coherence functions; 2.6.8 The Mann model of turbulence; 2.7 Gust wind speeds; 2.8 Extreme wind speeds; 2.8.1 Extreme winds in standards; 2.9 Wind speed prediction and forecasting; 2.9.1 Statistical methods; 2.9.2 Meteorological methods; 2.10 Turbulence in wakes and wind farms; 2.11 Turbulence in complex terrain; References; 3 Aerodynamics of horizontal axis wind turbines; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The actuator disc concept
- 3.2.1 Simple momentum theory3.2.2 Power coefficient; 3.2.3 The Lanchester-Betz limit; 3.2.4 The thrust coefficient; 3.3 Rotor disc theory; 3.3.1 Wake rotation; 3.3.2 Angular momentum theory; 3.3.3 Maximum power; 3.4 Vortex cylinder model of the actuator disc; 3.4.1 Introduction; 3.4.2 Vortex cylinder theory; 3.4.3 Relationship between bound circulation and the induced velocity; 3.4.4 Root vortex; 3.4.5 Torque and power; 3.4.6 Axial flow field; 3.4.7 Tangential flow field; 3.4.8 Axial thrust; 3.4.9 Radial flow field; 3.4.10 Conclusions; 3.5 Rotor blade theory (blade-element/momentum theory)
- 3.5.1 Introduction3.5.2 Blade element theory; 3.5.3 The blade-element/momentum (BEM) theory; 3.5.4 Determination of rotor torque and power; 3.6 Breakdown of the momentum theory; 3.6.1 Free-stream/wake mixing; 3.6.2 Modification of rotor thrust caused by flow separation; 3.6.3 Empirical determination of thrust coefficient; 3.7 Blade geometry; 3.7.1 Introduction; 3.7.2 Optimal design for variable speed operation; 3.7.3 A simple blade design; 3.7.4 Effects of drag on optimal blade design; 3.7.5 Optimal blade design for constant speed operation; 3.8 The effects of a discrete number of blades
- 3.8.1 Introduction3.8.2 Tip-losses; 3.8.3 Prandtl's approximation for the tip-loss factor; 3.8.4 Blade root losses; 3.8.5 Effect of tip-loss on optimum blade design and power; 3.8.6 Incorporation of tip-loss for non-optimal operation; 3.8.7 Alternative explanation for tip-loss; 3.9 Stall delay; 3.10 Calculated results for an actual turbine; 3.11 The performance curves; 3.11.1 Introduction; 3.11.2 The CP - λ performance curve; 3.11.3 The effect of solidity on performance; 3.11.4 The CQ - λ curve; 3.11.5 The CT - λ curve; 3.12 Constant rotational speed operation; 3.12.1 Introduction
- 3.12.2 The KP - 1/λ curve
