Airborne measurements for environmental research methods and instruments
This first comprehensive review of airborne measurement principles covers all atmospheric components and surface parameters. It describes the common techniques to characterize aerosol particles and cloud/precipitation elements, while also explaining radiation quantities and pertinent hyperspectral a...
| Otros Autores: | , |
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| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Weinheim :
Wiley-VCH
2013.
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| Edición: | 1st ed |
| Colección: | Wiley Series in Atmospheric Physics and Remote Sensing
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| Materias: | |
| Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009665113406719 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Airborne Measurements for Environmental Research; Contents; Preface; A Tribute to Dr. Robert Knollenberg; List of Contributors; 1 Introduction to Airborne Measurements of the Earth Atmosphere and Surface; 2 Measurement of Aircraft State and Thermodynamic and Dynamic Variables; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Historical; 2.3 Aircraft State Variables; 2.3.1 Barometric Measurement of Aircraft Height; 2.3.2 Inertial Attitude, Velocity, and Position; 2.3.2.1 System Concepts; 2.3.2.2 Attitude Angle Definitions; 2.3.2.3 Gyroscopes and Accelerometers; 2.3.2.4 Inertial-Barometric Corrections
- 2.3.3 Satellite Navigation by Global Navigation Satellite Systems2.3.3.1 GNSS Signals; 2.3.3.2 Differential GNSS; 2.3.3.3 Position Errors and Accuracy of Satellite Navigation; 2.3.4 Integrated IMU/GNSS Systems for Position and Attitude Determination; 2.3.5 Summary, Gaps, Emerging Technologies; 2.4 Static Air Pressure; 2.4.1 Position Error; 2.4.1.1 Tower Flyby; 2.4.1.2 Trailing Sonde; 2.4.2 Summary; 2.5 Static Air Temperature; 2.5.1 Aeronautic Definitions of Temperatures; 2.5.2 Challenges of Airborne Temperature Measurements; 2.5.3 Immersion Probe; 2.5.4 Reverse-Flow Sensor
- 2.5.5 Radiative Probe2.5.6 Ultrasonic Probe; 2.5.7 Error Sources; 2.5.7.1 Sensor; 2.5.7.2 Dynamic Error Sources; 2.5.7.3 In-Cloud Measurements; 2.5.8 Calibration of Temperature Sensors; 2.5.9 Summary, Gaps, Emerging Technologies; 2.6 Water Vapor Measurements; 2.6.1 Importance of Atmospheric Water Vapor; 2.6.2 Humidity Variables; 2.6.3 Dew or Frost Point Hygrometer; 2.6.4 Lyman-α Absorption Hygrometer; 2.6.5 Lyman-α Fluorescence Hygrometer; 2.6.6 Infrared Absorption Hygrometer; 2.6.7 Tunable Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Hygrometer; 2.6.8 Thin Film Capacitance Hygrometer
- 2.6.9 Total Water Vapor and Isotopic Abundances of 18O and 2H2.6.10 Factors Influencing In-Flight Performance; 2.6.10.1 Sticking of Water Vapor at Surfaces; 2.6.10.2 Sampling Systems; 2.6.11 Humidity Measurements with Dropsondes; 2.6.12 Calibration and In-Flight Validation; 2.6.13 Summary and Emerging Technologies; 2.7 Three-Dimensional Wind Vector; 2.7.1 Airborne Wind Measurement Using Gust Probes; 2.7.1.1 True Airspeed (TAS) and Aircraft Attitude; 2.7.1.2 Wind Vector Determination; 2.7.1.3 Baseline Instrumentation; 2.7.1.4 Angles of Attack and Sideslip; 2.7.2 Errors and Flow Distortion
- 2.7.2.1 Parameterization Errors2.7.2.2 Measurement Errors; 2.7.2.3 Timing Errors; 2.7.2.4 Errors due to Incorrect Sensor Configuration; 2.7.3 In-Flight Calibration; 2.8 Small-Scale Turbulence; 2.8.1 Hot-Wire/Hot-Film Probes for High-Resolution Flow Measurements; 2.8.2 Laser Doppler Anemometers; 2.8.3 Ultrasonic Anemometers/Thermometers; 2.8.4 Measurements of Atmospheric Temperature Fluctuations with Resistance Wires; 2.8.5 Calibration of Fast-Response Sensors; 2.8.6 Summary, Gaps, and Emerging Technologies; 2.9 Flux Measurements; 2.9.1 Basics; 2.9.2 Measurement Errors
- 2.9.3 Flux Sampling Errors
