Microplastic in the Environment

Microplastic in the Environment

This open access book examines global plastic pollution, an issue that has become a critical societal challenge with implications for environmental and public health. This volume provides a comprehensive, holistic analysis on the plastic cycle and its subsequent effects on biota, food security, and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Bank, Michael S. (-)
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG 2021.
Colección:Environmental Contamination Remediation and Management
Materias:
Environmental management
Environmental science, engineering & technology
Environmental medicine
Climate change
biomonitoring of plastic particles
exotoxicology of plastic pollution
plastic debris
microplastics
nanoplastics
environmental health
wastewater management
open access
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009654223406719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Intro
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Microplastics on the Rise
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Chapter 1: The Microplastic Cycle: An Introduction to a Complex Issue
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Fluxes of Microplastics Across Ecosystem Compartments
  • 1.3 Microplastic and Terrestrial Ecosystems
  • 1.4 Microplastic and Freshwater Ecosystems
  • 1.5 Microplastic and Marine Ecosystems
  • 1.6 Microplastic and the Atmosphere
  • 1.7 Microplastic in Biota
  • 1.8 Microplastics and Public Policy
  • 1.9 Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Analytical Chemistry of Plastic Debris: Sampling, Methods, and Instrumentation
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 About the Analytes
  • 2.3 Sampling
  • 2.3.1 Aqueous Matrices
  • 2.3.2 Air Samples
  • 2.3.3 Sediments, Soils, and Dust
  • 2.3.4 Biological Samples
  • 2.3.5 Sample Preservation
  • 2.4 Laboratory Processing
  • 2.4.1 Sample Preparation
  • 2.4.2 Chemical and Enzymatic Digestion
  • 2.4.3 Physical Separation of Plastics from the Matrix: Filtration and Sieving
  • 2.4.4 Density and Other Physical Separation
  • 2.4.5 Solvent Extraction
  • 2.5 Microplastic Detection and Instrumentation
  • 2.5.1 Visual Identification
  • 2.5.2 Dyes and Fluorescence Microscopy
  • 2.5.3 Electron Microscopy (EM)
  • 2.5.4 Chromatography
  • 2.5.5 Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy
  • 2.5.6 Raman Spectroscopy
  • 2.5.7 Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM)
  • 2.5.8 Mass Spectrometry (MS)
  • 2.5.9 Thermal Analysis Techniques
  • 2.5.10 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
  • 2.6 Microparticle Classes of Emerging Concern
  • 2.6.1 Surface Coatings/Paints
  • 2.6.2 Tire Particles
  • 2.7 Quality Assurance and Quality Control
  • 2.8 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 3: Evaluating Microplastic Experimental Design and Exposure Studies in Aquatic Organisms
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 MP Parameters
  • 3.2.1 Chemical and Physical Character of MP
  • 3.2.2 Primary vs. Weathered MP
  • 3.2.3 Microplastic Co-contaminants
  • 3.2.4 Application of Labelled Microplastics in Experimental Exposure Studies
  • 3.3 How to Design a Meaningful Experimental Exposure Study?
  • 3.3.1 Mode of Exposure
  • 3.3.2 Concentration of MP for Exposure Studies
  • 3.3.3 Surfactants
  • 3.3.4 Duration of Exposure
  • 3.4 Recommendations
  • References
  • Chapter 4: Microplastics in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Microplastics in Terrestrial Environments
  • 4.2.1 Agriculture
  • 4.2.2 Urban Environments
  • 4.2.2.1 Roads
  • 4.2.3 Occurrence of Microplastics in Terrestrial Organisms
  • 4.3 Pathways to Freshwater Environments
  • 4.3.1 Transfers from Agricultural Environments
  • 4.3.2 Transfers from Urban Environments
  • 4.3.2.1 Littering and Leaching of Plastic Waste
  • 4.3.2.2 Urban Drainage
  • 4.3.2.3 Road Runoff
  • 4.3.2.4 Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Effluents
  • 4.4 Microplastics in Freshwater Systems
  • 4.4.1 Microplastics in Rivers

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