Economics without borders economic research for European policy challenges
If treated as a single economy, the European Union is the largest in the world, with an estimated GDP of over 14 trillion euros. Despite its size, European economic policy has often lagged behind the rest of the world in its ability to generate growth and innovation. Much of the European economic re...
| Otros Autores: | |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Cambridge :
Cambridge University Press
2012.
|
| Edición: | 1st ed |
| Colección: | Social Sciences
|
| Materias: | |
| Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009645333406719 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover
- Half title
- Title
- Copyright
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Foreword
- Contributors
- Introduction
- The COEURE Project
- Advances in Economic Research: Foundations forEuropean Policies
- About the Chapters
- The Relevance of Data and Methods
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- 1 Innovation and Growth: The Schumpeterian Perspective
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Looking for Growth Paradigms to Think about Growth Policy
- 1.2.1 The Neoclassical Growth Model
- 1.2.2 The AK Model
- 1.2.3 The Product-Variety Model
- 1.2.4 The Schumpeterian Model
- 1.3 Some Main Applications and Extensions of Schumpeterian Growth Theory
- 1.3.1 Growth Meets IO
- 1.3.2 Schumpeterian Growth and Firm Dynamics
- 1.3.3 Growth Meets Development: Appropriate Institutions
- 1.3.4 Growth Meets Development: Firm Dynamics in Developing Countries
- 1.3.5 Growth and Unemployment
- 1.4 Enhancing Productivity Growth in Advanced Countries
- 1.4.1 Pillars of Innovation-Led Growth
- 1.4.2 Competition Policy against Industrial Policy
- 1.4.3 Reforming the State
- 1.4.4 Macroeconomic Policy
- 1.4.5 Innovation, Inequality, and Social Mobility: Making Growth Inclusive
- 1.5 Technological Waves and the Debate on Secular Stagnation
- 1.5.1 The Debate
- 1.5.2 Historical Wave Patterns
- 1.6 Schumpeterian Insights into R&
- D Policy
- 1.6.1 R&
- D Policies and Firm Selection
- 1.6.2 Basic versus Applied R&
- D
- 1.7 The Role of Freedom and Openness in the Innovation Process
- 1.7.1 The ADS Framework and the Role of Academic Freedom
- 1.7.2 Freedom and Openness
- 1.7.3 Evidence on the Limits of IP and the Role of Openness and Freedom
- 1.8 Towards a New Growth Pact in Europe
- 1.8.1 Structural Reforms and the Role of Structural Funds
- 1.8.2 Rethinking Industrial Policy in the EU.
- 1.8.3 More Flexible Macroeconomic Policies at EU Level
- 1.9 Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- References
- 2 European Union Dual Labour Markets: Consequences and Potential Reforms
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 The Emergence of Dual Labour Markets in Europe
- 2.3 Temporary Contracts: Stepping Stones or Dead Ends?
- 2.4 Dual Labour Markets Before and After the Great Recession
- 2.5 Lessons from Spain
- 2.6 Dual Labour Markets and Youth Unemployment
- 2.7 How to Dismantle Dual Employment Protection Legislation
- 2.7.1 Recent EPL Reforms
- 2.7.2 Single/Unified Contracts in Theory
- 2.7.3 Single/Unified Contracts in Practice
- 2.8 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- Appendix
- Notes
- References
- 3 Population, Migration, Ageing and Health: A Survey
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Main Stylized Facts
- 3.3 Migration and Demographic Developments
- 3.3.1 The Selection Hypothesis
- 3.3.2 The Adaptation Hypothesis
- 3.3.3 The Disruption Hypothesis
- 3.4 Permanent versus Temporary Migration
- 3.4.1 Why Do Migrants Return?
- 3.4.2 Who Are the Return Migrants?
- 3.5 The Fiscal Effect of Immigration
- 3.5.1 Static Frameworks
- 3.5.2 Dynamic Models
- 3.6 Migration and Skill Shortages
- 3.7 International Migration and the Health Care Sector
- 3.7.1 International Migration of Health Care Professionals
- 3.7.2 International Migration of Old Age Carers
- 3.7.3 Immigrants' Demand for Health Care
- 3.8 The Floridization of Europe: Old Age North-South Migration
- 3.8.1 Determinants of Old Age Migration
- 3.8.2 Effects on Host Country Economy
- 3.9 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- Appendix
- Notes
- References
- 4 Education Systems: Assignment, Admissions, Accountability and Autonomy
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.1.1 What Can Economics Contribute to the Study of Education?.
- 4.2 The Aims of Education: Rates of Return, Inequality and Social Mobility
- 4.3 Education Systems: Assignment, Admissions, Accountability, Autonomy
- 4.3.1 Assignment Mechanisms
- 4.3.2 Accountability, Autonomy and Regulation
- 4.3.3 Education Market Structure: Policy Summary
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- References
- 5 Competition and Regulation in Markets for Goods and Services: A Survey with Emphasis on Digital Markets
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 A View on Competition Policy Developments in Europe
- 5.2.1 Competition Policy: The General Context
- 5.2.2 Digital Trade and Online Markets
- 5.2.3 Some Recent Competition Cases
- 5.2.4 Online Travel Agencies and MFNs
- 5.2.5 The Digital Single Market Initiative
- 5.2.6 Distinguishing Features of Digital Markets
- 5.3 Approaches in Industrial Organization
- 5.3.1 Pricing
- 5.3.2 Vertical Relations
- 5.4 Recent Research on Competition Issues Relatedto Digital Markets
- 5.5 Challenges for Research on Competition Issuesin Digital Markets
- 5.6 Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- References
- 6 Winners and Losers of Globalization: Sixteen Challenges for Measurement and Theory
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Advances in Measurement and Data Challenges
- 6.2.1 Recent Advances in Measuring the Causes and Effects of Globalization
- 6.2.2 Data Challenges
- 6.3 Insights from Theories of Globalization
- 6.3.1 Broad Lessons about the Causes and Effects of Globalization
- 6.3.2 Insights for Policy
- 6.3.3 Open Questions
- 6.4 Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- References
- 7 Economic Approaches to Energy, Environment and Sustainability
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Economic Approaches to the Environment
- 7.2.1 Environmental and Resource Economics
- 7.2.2 Ecological Economics
- 7.2.3 Institutional, Evolutionary, and Behavioural Economics.
- 7.3 Sustainability and Sustainable Development
- 7.3.1 Sustainable Development
- 7.3.2 Environmental Sustainability
- 7.3.3 Measurement and Indicators of Sustainable Developmentand Sustainability
- 7.4 The Energy System and Climate Change Mitigation
- 7.4.1 Energy Security
- 7.4.2 Reducing CO[sub(2)] Emissions
- 7.4.3 Financial Requirements and Affordability
- 7.5 Policies for Energy, Climate Change Mitigation and a Green Economy
- 7.5.1 Standards and Engagement
- 7.5.2 Information
- 7.5.3 Markets and Pricing
- 7.5.4 Strategic Investment
- 7.5.5 EU Energy and Climate Change Policy: Lessons and Priorities for Research
- 7.6 The Science-Policy Interface
- 7.7 Conclusions and Research Priorities
- Notes
- References
- 8 Regional Disparities and Efficient Transport Policies
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 What Is Spatial Economics About?
- 8.2.1 Location Does Matter
- 8.2.2 Moving Goods and People is Still Costly
- 8.3 The Drivers of Regional Agglomeration
- 8.3.1 The Home-Market Effect
- 8.3.2 Agglomeration Economies and the Emergence of Asymmetric Clusters
- 8.3.3 The Core-Periphery Structure
- 8.3.4 Input-Output Linkages and the Bell-Shaped Curve of Spatial Development
- 8.3.5 Communication Costs and the Relocation of Plants
- 8.4 Does the Market Yield Over or Under-agglomeration?
- 8.4.1 Does the Home-Market Effect Generate Excessive Agglomeration?
- 8.4.2 Is the Core-Periphery Structure Inefficient?
- 8.5 Do EU Interregional Transport Investment Policies Fulfil their Role?
- 8.5.1 Assessing Transport Investments Using Econometric Models
- 8.5.2 Assessing Transport Investments Using Model Simulations
- 8.5.3 Assessing Transport Investments Using Case Studies
- 8.6 Is the EU Moving to a Better Utilization of Its Existing Transport Policy?.
- 8.6.1 Competition on Diesel Fuel Taxes Leads EU Countries to Revise Their Pricing of Road Freight
- 8.6.2 Europe Does Not Make the Best Use of Its Rail and Air Transport System
- 8.7 What Have We Learnt?
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- References
- 9 Skilled Cities and Efficient Urban Transport
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Agglomeration Economies
- 9.2.1 The Nature and Magnitude of Agglomeration Economies
- 9.2.2 Cities as Consumption Centres
- 9.3 The Trade-Off between Commuting and Housing Costs
- 9.3.1 The Monocentric City Model
- 9.3.2 Why Do Employment Centres Emerge?
- 9.3.3 Land Capitalisation and Housing
- 9.3.4 Residential Segregation
- 9.4 More Cities or Bigger Cities?
- 9.5 The Organization of Metropolitan Areas
- 9.6 Managing Traffic and Congestion
- 9.6.1 External Costs of Urban Transport
- 9.6.2 The Difficult Road to First-Best Pricing of Congestion
- 9.6.3 The Patchwork of Policy Instruments
- 9.6.4 Public Transport Pricing
- 9.7 The Benefits of New Transport Infrastructure
- 9.7.1 Does New Infrastructure Reduce Congestion?
- 9.7.2 The Wider Benefits of Urban Transport Projects and New Developments in Assessment Methods
- 9.8 Where Do We Stand?
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- References
- 10 Fiscal and Monetary Policies after the Crises
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 The Pre-Crisis Consensus, and Heterogeneity
- 10.3 The Context and Challenges Posed by the Crisis
- 10.3.1 Headline Macroeconomic Trends
- 10.3.2 Market Impairment and the Transmission of Stabilization Policy
- 10.3.3 The Zero Bound on Nominal Interest Rates
- 10.4 The Zero Lower Bound: Implications for Stabilization Policy
- 10.4.1 Savings Decisions and Nominal Interest Rates
- 10.4.2 Shocks to the `Natural' Rate of Interest
- 10.4.3 Forward Guidance as a Solution?
- 10.4.4 Fiscal Stimulus as a Solution?.
- 10.4.5 Central Bank Asset Purchases as a Solution?.
