Silicon photonics fueling the next information revolution
Silicon photonics uses chip-making techniques to fabricate photonic circuits. The emerging technology is coming to market at a time of momentous change. The need of the Internet content providers to keep scaling their data centers is becoming increasing challenging, the chip industry is facing a fut...
| Otros Autores: | , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Amsterdam :
Morgan Kaufman
[2017]
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| Edición: | 1st edition |
| Materias: | |
| Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull: | https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009631616906719 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Front Cover
- Silicon Photonics
- Copyright Page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Preface
- The Reasoning for the Book and Its Organization
- References
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Silicon Photonics: Disruptive and Ready for Prime Time
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Silicon Photonics: An Introduction
- 1.2.1 The Application of Silicon Photonics
- 1.3 The Significance of Silicon Photonics
- 1.3.1 Silicon Photonics From a Photonics Perspective
- 1.3.2 Silicon Photonics From a Semiconductor Perspective
- 1.3.3 Silicon Photonics From a System Perspective
- 1.4 The Status of Silicon Photonics
- 1.5 Silicon Photonics: Market Opportunities and Industry Disruption
- 1.5.1 The Market Opportunities for Silicon Photonics
- 1.5.2 Silicon Photonics is a Disruptive Technology
- References
- 2 Layers and the Evolution of Communications Networks
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 The Cloud as an Information Resource
- 2.1.2 Optical Networking is Central to the Internet
- 2.1.3 Silicon Photonics: A Technology to Tackle the Industry's Challenges
- 2.2 The Concept of Layering
- 2.3 The Telecom Network-Layer 4
- 2.3.1 Cloud Computing is Driving the Need for High-Bandwidth Links Between Data Centers
- 2.3.2 The Importance of Optics for Communications
- 2.4 The Data Center-Layer 3
- 2.4.1 Data Center Networking is a Key Opportunity for Silicon Photonics
- 2.5 Platforms-Layer 2
- 2.6 The Silicon Chip-Layer 1
- 2.7 Telecom and Datacom Industry Challenges
- 2.7.1 Approaching the Traffic-Carrying Capacity of Fiber
- 2.7.2 Internet Businesses Have Their Own Challenges
- 2.7.3 Approaching the End of Moore's law
- 2.8 Silicon Photonics: Why the Technology Is Important for All the Layers
- References
- 3 The Long March to a Silicon-Photonics Union
- 3.1 Moore's Law and 50 Years of the Chip Industry
- 3.1.1 The Shrinking Transistor-But Not for Much Longer.
- 3.1.2 Post-Moore's Law: The Future of Optics and the Future of Chips
- 3.2 How Photonics Can Benefit Semiconductors
- 3.2.1 Adapting Silicon for Optics
- 3.3 Silicon Photonics: From Building Blocks to Superchips
- 3.4 The Building Blocks of Silicon Photonics Integrated Circuits
- 3.4.1 The Optical Waveguide
- 3.4.2 Modulation
- 3.4.3 Photodetection
- 3.4.4 The Light Source
- 3.4.5 Fibering the Chip
- References
- 4 The Route to Market for Silicon Photonics
- 4.1 The Technology Adoption Curve
- 4.2 A Brief History of Silicon Photonics
- 4.3 Four Commercial Silicon Photonics Product Case Studies
- 4.3.1 Kotura's Variable Optical Attenuator
- 4.3.2 Luxtera's 40-Gb Active Optical Cable (AOC)
- 4.3.3 Cisco Systems' CPAK
- 4.3.4 Acacia Communications' Coherent Transceivers
- 4.3.5 Delivering a Performance Edge
- 4.4 What Silicon Photonics Needs to Go Mainstream
- 4.4.1 Hefty Investment, Little Return
- 4.5 100-Gb Market Revenues Are Insufficient for Silicon Photonics
- 4.5.1 The Near-Term Data Center Opportunity
- 4.5.2 The Coherent Transceiver Market Has Its Own Challenges
- 4.5.3 Emerging Opportunities for Silicon Photonics
- 4.6 The Silicon Photonics Ecosystem: A State-of-the-Industry Report
- References
- 5 Metro and Long-Haul Network Growth Demands Exponential Progress
- 5.1 The Changing Nature of Telecom
- 5.2 Internet Businesses Have the Fastest Network Traffic Growth
- 5.3 The Market Should Expect Cost-per-Transmitted-Bit to Rise
- 5.4 Data Center Interconnect Equipment
- 5.4.1 New Requirements and New Optical Platform Form Factors
- 5.4.2 From Cloud Xpress to Cloud Xpress 2
- 5.5 The Role of Silicon Photonics for Data Center Interconnect
- 5.5.1 Direct Detection Opportunity for Silicon Photonics
- 5.6 Tackling Continual Traffic Growth
- 5.6.1 Flexible Grid
- 5.6.2 Flexible-Rate Transponders.
- 5.6.3 Using More Fiber Bands
- 5.6.4 Space-Division Multiplexing: The Next Big Thing?
- 5.7 Pulling It All Together
- References
- 6 The Data Center: A Central Cog in the Digital Economy
- 6.1 Internet Content Providers Are Driving the New Economy
- 6.2 Cloud Computing: Another Growth Market
- 6.2.1 Microsoft, Google, and Others Seek to Grow Their Cloud Businesses
- 6.2.2 Telcos Offer a Mixed Story Regarding Cloud Computing
- 6.2.3 Traditional Enterprises Use a Hybrid Cloud Model
- 6.3 The Expansive Build-Out of Data Centers
- 6.3.1 Demand for Video Adds to Bandwidth Pressures
- 6.3.2 Facebook's Data Center Builds: A Case Study
- 6.4 Energy Consumption Poses the Greatest Data Center Challenge
- 6.5 Silicon Photonics Can Address Data Center Challenges
- References
- 7 Data Center Architectures and Opportunities for Silicon Photonics
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Internet Content Providers Are the New Drivers of Photonics
- 7.3 Data Center Networking Architectures and Their Limitations
- 7.3.1 The Leaf-and-Spine Switching Architecture
- 7.3.2 Higher-Order Radix Switches
- 7.4 Embedding Optics to Benefit Systems
- 7.4.1 An Electronic-Optic Switch Architecture for Large Data Centers
- 7.4.2 Intel's Disaggregated Server Rack Scale Architecture
- 7.4.3 Compass-EOS: Copackaging Optics and Silicon
- 7.5 Data Center Input-Output Challenges
- 7.5.1 Pluggable Optical Transceivers Evolution: Photonic Integration for 100-Gb
- 7.5.2 The Move to Single-mode Fiber
- 7.5.3 Pluggable Transceivers for the Server-to-Top-of-Row Switch Optical Opportunity
- 7.5.4 Transition One: From Pluggables to On-Board Optics
- 7.5.5 Transition Two: From On-Board Optics to Copackaged Optics
- 7.6 Adding Photonics to Ultralarge-Scale Chips
- 7.7 Pulling It All Together
- References
- 8 The Likely Course of Silicon Photonics
- 8.1 Looking Back to See Ahead.
- 8.2 The Market Opportunities for Silicon Photonics: The Present to 2026
- 8.2.1 Near-Term Opportunities: 2016-21
- 8.2.2 Mid-Term Opportunities: 2021-26
- 8.3 The Great Cultural Divide
- 8.4 The Chip Industry Will Own Photonics
- References
- Appendix 1: Optical Communications Primer
- A1.1 Optical Links
- A1.2 Optical Component Technologies
- A1.2.1 Short-Reach Links
- A1.2.2 Mid-Reach Optics
- A1.2.3 Long-Reach Optics
- A1.2.4 Long-Distance Optics
- A1.3 Attenuation Characteristics of Fiber
- A1.4 Optical Modules
- A1.4.1 The Miniaturization of Modules
- References
- Appendix 2: Optical Transmission Techniques for Layer 4 Networks
- A2.1 The Three Classes of Optical Channel
- A2.2 Single-Carrier 100-Gb Transmission With Coherent Detection
- A2.3 Improving Spectral Efficiency
- A2.4 Higher-Order Modulation
- A2.5 The Levers Used to Boost Transmission Capacity
- References
- Index
- Back Cover.
