Hack audio an introduction to computer programming and digital signal processing in MATLAB

Computers are at the center of almost everything related to audio. Whether for synthesis in music production, recording in the studio, or mixing in live sound, the computer plays an essential part. Audio effects plug-ins and virtual instruments are implemented as software computer code. Music apps a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Otros Autores:	Tarr, Eric, author (author)
Formato:	Libro electrónico
Idioma:	Inglés
Publicado:	London : Routledge 2018.
Edición:	1st edition
Colección:	Audio Engineering Society presents.
Materias:	MATLAB. Computer sound processing.
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:	https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009630651906719

Tabla de Contenidos:

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Examples
Acknowledgements
1. Introduction
1.1 Introduction: Computer Programming and Digital Signal Processing
1.2 The Purpose of This Book
1.3 Intended Readers
1.4 Topics Covered
1.5 Additional Content
2. Basics of Programming in MATLAB®
2.1 Introduction: Computer Programming in MATLAB
2.2 Programming Languages
2.3 Executed Commands
2.3.1 Error Statements
2.4 Mathematics
2.4.1 Operators
2.4.2 Variables
Variable Naming Rules and Conventions
2.5 Data Types
2.5.1 Numbers
2.5.2 Characters
2.5.3 Strings
String Concatenation
2.6 Arrays
2.6.1 Basic Array Creation
2.6.2 Plotting Arrays
2.7 Mathematical Functions
2.7.1 Plotting Mathematical Functions
2.8 APPENDIX: Additional Plotting Options
2.8.1 Line Specification
Line Color and Style
Line Width
Stem Plot
2.8.2 Axis Labels
2.8.3 Figure Title
2.8.4 Figure Legend
2.8.5 Axis Scale
2.8.6 Axis Dimensions
2.8.7 Multiple Arrays
Multiple Windows
Identical Dimensions
Figure Hold
Subplot
3. Basics of Audio in MATLAB®
3.1 Introduction: Digital Audio Signals
3.2 MATLAB Audio Functions
3.2.1 audioread
3.2.2 sound
3.2.3 audiowrite
3.2.4 audioinfo
3.3 Working with Audio Signals in Arrays
3.3.1 Indexing Arrays
Audio Edit Signal Splice
3.3.2 Array Reversal
3.3.3 Additional Methods to Create Arrays
3.3.4 Array Transposition
3.3.5 Determining Dimensions of Arrays
3.4 Visualizing the Waveform of an Audio Signal
Bibliography
4. MATLAB® Programming Environment
4.1 Introduction: MATLAB Application
4.1.1 Command Window
Execute Multiple Commands
4.1.2 Workspace
Clear the Workspace.
Save and Load Variables in the Workspace
4.1.3 Current Folder
4.2 MATLAB m-Files
4.2.1 Scripts
4.2.2 Commenting Code
4.3 MATLAB Debugging Mode
4.4 MATLAB Help Documentation
5. Logicals and Control Structures in Programming
5.1 Introduction: Controlling the Flow of Execution
5.2 Logical Data Type
5.2.1 Logical Operations
5.2.2 Combining Logical Operators
5.2.3 String Compare
5.3 Types of Control Structures
5.3.1 Conditional Statements
if Statement
else and elseif Statements
switch Statement
Comparison of if and switch Statements
5.3.2 Loops
for Statement
while Statement
Comparison of for and while Statements
5.3.3 Functions
Local Functions
Programmer-Created Documentation
6. Signal Gain and DC Offset
6.1 Introduction: Digital Signal Processing
6.1.1 Element-Wise Processing
6.1.2 Element-Wise Referencing
6.1.3 Block Diagrams
6.2 Scalar Operations with Arrays
6.2.1 Scalar Multiplication: Converting Time Units
6.3 Scalar Multiplication: Signal Gain
6.3.1 Signal Gain Block Diagram
6.3.2 Polarity Inversion
6.3.3 Decibel Scale
Background
Decibel Scale Processing
6.4 Visualizing the Amplitude Change
6.4.1 Input versus Output Characteristic Curve
6.5 Scalar Addition: DC Offset
6.5.1 DC Offset Block Diagram
6.6 Combined Signal Gain and DC Offset
6.7 Amplitude Measurements
6.7.1 Peak Amplitude
6.7.2 Peak-to-Peak Amplitude
6.7.3 Root-Mean-Square Amplitude
RMS Definition
Summation Notation
Full-scale RMS Amplitude
6.7.4 Dynamic Range Crest Factor
6.8 Amplitude Normalization
6.8.1 Peak Normalization
6.8.2 Root-Mean-Square Normalization
Changing the RMS amplitude relative to another signal
Bibliography
7. Introduction to Signal Synthesis
7.1 Introduction: Signal Synthesis.
7.2 Visualizing the Frequency Spectrum of an Audio Signal
7.3 Periodic Signals
7.3.1 Sine Wave
Trigonometric Sine Function
Synthesizing a Sine Wave Signal
Phase Angle of Rotation Over Time
7.3.2 Cosine Function
7.3.3 Square Wave
Square Wave Additive Synthesis
Duty Cycle
7.3.4 Sawtooth Wave
Sawtooth Wave Additive Synthesis
7.3.5 Triangle Wave
Triangle Wave Additive Synthesis
7.3.6 Impulse Train
Impulse Train Additive Synthesis
7.4 Aperiodic Signals
7.4.1 White Noise
Bibliography
8. Digital Summing, Signal Fades, and Amplitude Modulation
8.1 Introduction: Combining Signals
8.1.1 Array Operations with Arrays
8.1.2 Using Array Operations to Combine Signals
8.2 Array Addition: Signal Summing
8.2.1 Addition Block Diagram
8.2.2 Array Subtraction
Subtraction Block Diagram
8.3 Array Multiplication: Ring Modulation
8.4 Array Multiplication: Amplitude Fade
8.4.1 Linear Fade
8.4.2 Exponential Fade
8.4.3 S-Curve Fade
Sine Function S-Curve
8.4.4 Equal-Amplitude and Equal-Power Fades
8.5 Array Multiplication: Amplitude Modulation
8.5.1 Amplitude Modulation Block Diagram
8.5.2 Tremolo
Morphing the LFO from a Triangle Wave to a Square Wave
8.6 Appendix: Transforming Linear Scales
9. Stereo Panning and Mid/Side Processing
9.1 Introduction: Stereo Audio Signals
9.2 Stereo Panning
9.2.1 Panning Functions
Equal-Amplitude and Equal-Power Panning
Functions for -4.5 dB Panning
9.2.2 Rhythmic Auto-Pan Effect
9.3 Mid/Side Processing
9.3.1 Mid/Side Background
9.3.2 Encoding
9.3.3 Decoding
9.3.4 Stereo Image Widening
9.4 Visualizing Stereo Width
9.4.1 Polar Coordinates
9.4.2 Goniometer
Bibliography
10. Distortion, Saturation, and Clipping
10.1 Introduction: Linear and Nonlinear Processing.
10.1.1 Audio Distortion Effects
10.2 Visualizing Nonlinear Processing
10.2.1 Total Harmonic Distortion Plot
Distortion Test Script
10.3 Infinite Clipping
10.3.1 Sine Wave Analysis
10.4 Rectification
10.4.1 Half-Wave Rectification
10.4.2 Full-Wave Rectification
10.5 Hard Clipping
10.6 Soft Clipping
10.6.1 Cubic Distortion
Sine Wave Analysis
10.6.2 Arctangent Distortion
Power Series Approximation of the Arctangent Function
10.6.3 Additional Clipping Functions
Sine Distortion
Exponential Soft Clipping
Piece-Wise Overdrive
Diode Clipping
10.7 Bit reduction
10.7.1 Bit Depth Background
10.7.2 Bit-Reduction Algorithm
10.7.3 Dither Noise
10.8 Harmonic Analysis of Distortion Effects
10.8.1 Even and Odd Mathematical Functions
10.8.2 Asymmetrical Distortion Functions
Including a DC Offset with a Distortion Function
10.9 Parallel Distortion
Bibliography
11. Echo Effects
11.1 Introduction: Systems with Memory
11.2 Delay
11.2.1 Series Delay
11.2.2 Block Diagram Delay Notation
11.3 Converting Delay Time to Samples
11.3.1 Converting Seconds to Samples
11.3.2 Converting Tempo to Samples
11.4 Categorizing Echo Effects
11.4.1 Perceptual Temporal Fusion
11.5 Feedforward Echo
11.5.1 Difference Equation
11.5.2 Multi-Tap Echo
11.6 Feedback Echo
11.6.1 Feedback Gain Convention
11.6.2 Delayed Repetitions
11.6.3 System Stability
11.6.4 Combined Feedforward and Feedback Echo
Output Gain Convention
11.6.5 Stereo Echo
11.6.6 Ping-Pong Echo
11.7 Impulse Response
11.7.1 Finite Impulse Response Systems
11.7.2 Infinite Impulse Response Systems
11.8 Convolution
11.8.1 MATLAB Convolution Function
11.8.2 Mathematical Equation for Convolution
11.8.3 Convolution Reverberation.
11.9 Necessary Requirements for Modeling a System with an Impulse Response and Convolution
11.9.1 Linearity
Examples of Nonlinear Systems
11.9.2 Time Invariance
Examples of Time-Variant Systems
12. Finite Impulse Response Filters
12.1 Introduction: Spectral Processors
12.1.1 Filter Characteristics
12.1.2 Visualizing the Spectral Response of a Filter
12.1.3 Units of Time Delay
12.2 Basic Feedforward Filters
12.2.1 Low-Pass Filter
Basic LPF Impulse Response
Sine Wave Analysis
12.2.2 High-Pass Filter
Basic HPF Impulse Response
Sine Wave Analysis
Filter Order
12.3 Additional Feedforward Filters
12.3.1 Comb Filter
Comb Filter Impulse Response
Additional Comb Filters
Sine Wave Analysis
12.3.2 Band-Pass Filter
BPF Impulse Response
12.3.3 Feed-forward Comb Filter with Gain = -1
12.4 Changing the Relative Gain of a Filter
12.4.1 Changing the Gain of the Delay Line
Generalized Sine Wave Analysis
12.4.2 Normalizing the Overall System Gain
12.5 Generalized Finite Impulse Response Filters
12.5.1 MATLAB FIR Filter Functions
MATLAB fir1 Function
MATLAB fir2 Function
12.6 Changing the Filter Order
12.7 Processing a Signal Using an FIR Filter
12.7.1 Convolution
12.8 Appendix I: Combining Multiple Filters
12.8.1 Series Filters
Series LPF and HPF
Two Series LPFs
12.8.2 Parallel Filters
12.9 Appendix II: Using an FIR Filter to Synthesize Pink Noise
Bibliography
13. Infinite Impulse Response Filters
13.1 Introduction: Filters with Feedback
13.1.1 Spectral Analysis of Filters with Feedback
13.2 Basic Feedback Filters
13.2.1 Negative Feedback
13.2.2 Inverted Comb Filter
13.3 Combined Feedforward and Feedback Filters
13.3.1 All-Pass Filter
Frequency Response of APF
13.3.2 Bi-Quadratic Filter.
13.4 MATLAB IIR Filter Design Functions.

Hack audio an introduction to computer programming and digital signal processing in MATLAB

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