Fundamentals and evolution of MPEG-2 systems paving the MPEG road

Fundamentals and evolution of MPEG-2 systems paving the MPEG road

"This book examines the MPEG-2 system specification as developed in the early 1990's, as well as its evolution into the fourth edition of the MPEG-2 systems standard, published in 2013"--

Detalles Bibliográficos
Otros Autores: Meer, Jan van der (Electrical engineer) author (author)
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom : Wiley 2014.
Edición:1st edition
Materias:
MPEG (Video coding standard)
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009629196606719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Foreword xi
  • Preface xiii
  • About the Author xvii
  • Acknowledgements xxi
  • Part One BACKGROUNDS OF MPEG-2 SYSTEMS 1
  • 1 Introduction 3
  • 1.1 The Scope of This Book 7
  • 1.2 Some Definitions 7
  • References 8
  • 2 Technology Developments Around 1990 9
  • References 11
  • 3 Developments in Audio and Video Coding in MPEG 13
  • 3.1 The Need for Compression 13
  • 3.1.1 Compression Factors for Audio 14
  • 3.1.2 Compression Factors for Video 14
  • 3.2 MPEG Video 19
  • 3.2.1 Introduction 19
  • 3.2.2 MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Video Essentials 20
  • 3.2.3 Evolution of MPEG Video 39
  • 3.3 MPEG Audio 47
  • 3.3.1 MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Audio Essentials 47
  • 3.3.2 Evolution of MPEG Audio 53
  • References 59
  • 4 Other Important Content Formats 61
  • 4.1 Metadata 61
  • 4.2 Timed Text 64
  • 4.3 Lossless and Scalable Lossless Audio 69
  • 4.4 Multiview Video 69
  • 4.5 3D Video 70
  • 4.5.1 Left and Right Views in a Single Video Stream 73
  • 4.5.2 Depth Information Associated to 2D Video 75
  • 4.5.3 Use of MVC to Convey Left and Right Views 78
  • 4.5.4 Further 3D Video Evolution 79
  • References 80
  • 5 Motivation for a Systems Standard 83
  • 6 Principles Underlying the MPEG-2 Systems Design 87
  • 6.1 Building an End-to-End System 87
  • 6.1.1 Constant End-to-End Delay 87
  • 6.1.2 Video Coding Delay 88
  • 6.1.3 Audio Coding Delay 94
  • 6.1.4 Delay Compensation 95
  • 6.2 The Multiplex and Demultiplex Operation 97
  • 6.3 Delivery Schedule of MPEG System Streams 106
  • 6.4 Synchronization of Audio and Video 108
  • 6.5 MPEG-2 System Streams and the STD Model 113
  • 6.6 Timing Issues 118
  • 6.6.1 Frequency and Tolerance of the STC in MPEG-1 Systems 119
  • 6.6.2 Regeneration of the STC in System Decoders 121
  • 6.6.3 Frequency and Tolerance of the STC in MPEG-2 Systems 125
  • 6.7 Quality of Service Issues 127
  • 6.8 Transport Layer Independence 131
  • References 132
  • 7 MPEG-1 Systems: Laying the MPEG-2 Foundation 133
  • 7.1 Driving Forces 133
  • 7.2 Objectives and Requirements 136
  • 7.3 Structure of MPEG-1 System Streams 138.
  • 7.4 The MPEG-1 System Target Decoder 143
  • 7.5 The MPEG-1 System Stream 155
  • 7.5.1 Data Structure and Design Considerations 155
  • 7.5.2 Constrained System Parameter Streams 161
  • 7.5.3 Compliancy Requirements of MPEG-1 System Streams 166
  • 7.6 MPEG-1 Applications 168
  • 7.6.1 Compact Disc 168
  • 7.6.2 Computers 169
  • 7.7 Conclusions on MPEG-1 169
  • References 170
  • Part Two THE MPEG-2 SYSTEMS STANDARD 171
  • 8 The Development of MPEG-2 Systems 173
  • 8.1 Driving Forces 173
  • 8.2 Objectives and Requirements 176
  • 8.3 The Evolution of MPEG-2 Systems 178
  • References 185
  • 9 Layering in MPEG-2 Systems 187
  • 9.1 Need for Program Streams and Transport Streams 187
  • 9.2 PES Packets as a Common Layer 188
  • 9.3 Program Streams 189
  • 9.4 Transport Streams 193
  • 9.4.1 Transport Packets 193
  • 9.4.2 Conveying PES Packets in Transport Packets 195
  • 9.4.3 The Size of Transport Packets 196
  • 9.4.4 Multiple Programs, PSI, Descriptors and Sections 199
  • 9.4.5 Conveying Sections in Transport Packets 213
  • References 214
  • 10 Conditional Access and Scrambling 217
  • 10.1 Support of Conditional Access Systems 217
  • 10.2 Scrambling in Transport Streams 219
  • 10.3 Improving the Interoperability between CA Systems 224
  • 10.4 Scrambling in Program Streams 225
  • Reference 226
  • 11 Other Features of MPEG-2 Systems 227
  • 11.1 Error Resiliency 227
  • 11.2 Re-Multiplexing of Transport Streams 230
  • 11.3 Local Program Insertion in Transport Streams 234
  • 11.3.1 Usage of Local Program Insertions 234
  • 11.3.2 Associated PSI Issues 235
  • 11.3.3 Time Base Discontinuities 236
  • 11.4 Splicing in Transport Streams 239
  • 11.5 Variable Bitrate and Statistical Multiplexing 245
  • 11.6 Padding and Stuffing 245
  • 11.7 Random Access and Parsing Convenience 248
  • 11.8 Carriage of Private Data 250
  • 11.9 Copyright and Copy Control Support 254
  • 11.10 Playback Trick Modes 255
  • 11.11 Single Program and Partial Transport Streams 255
  • 11.12 Program Stream Carriage within a Transport Stream 258.
  • 11.13 PES Streams 260
  • 11.14 Room for Future Extensions 260
  • References 261
  • 12 The MPEG-2 System Target Decoder Model 263
  • 12.1 Introduction to the MPEG-2 STD 263
  • 12.2 The Program Stream STD: P-STD 264
  • 12.2.1 Description of P-STD 264
  • 12.2.2 Buffer Management in the P-STD 267
  • 12.2.3 CSPS: Constrained System Parameter Program Stream 268
  • 12.2.4 Usage of P-STD for PES-STD 270
  • 12.3 Transport Stream STD: T-STD 275
  • 12.3.1 Description of T-STD 275
  • 12.3.2 The Use of Transport Buffers 279
  • 12.3.3 System Data Processing and Buffer Management 281
  • 12.3.4 Processing of Elementary Stream Data 284
  • 12.3.5 T-STD Buffers for Elementary Stream Decoding 288
  • 12.3.6 Buffer Management for Elementary Stream Data 290
  • 12.4 General STD Constraints and Requirements 290
  • 12.5 Content Format Specific STD Issues 292
  • 12.5.1 Decoding of MPEG Audio Streams in STD Model 292
  • 12.5.2 Decoding of MPEG Video Streams in STD Model 295
  • 13 Data Structure and Design Considerations 299
  • 13.1 System Time Clock Samples and Time Stamps 299
  • 13.2 PES Packets 301
  • 13.3 Descriptors of Programs and Program Elements 309
  • 13.3.1 General Format of Descriptors 309
  • 13.3.2 Types of Descriptors 311
  • 13.3.3 System Orientated Descriptors 311
  • 13.3.4 General Content Descriptors 315
  • 13.4 Program Streams 319
  • 13.5 Sections 326
  • 13.6 Transport Streams and Transport Packets 329
  • Reference 331
  • 14 Content Support in MPEG-2 Systems 333
  • 14.1 Introduction 333
  • 14.2 MPEG-1 334
  • 14.2.1 MPEG-1 Video 334
  • 14.2.2 MPEG-1 Audio 334
  • 14.2.3 MPEG-1 System Stream 334
  • 14.3 MPEG-2 336
  • 14.3.1 MPEG-2 Video 336
  • 14.3.2 MPEG-2 (BC) Audio 338
  • 14.3.3 MPEG-2 AAC 340
  • 14.3.4 MPEG-2 DSM-CC 341
  • 14.3.5 MPEG-2 System Stream 342
  • 14.3.6 MPEG-2 IPMP 343
  • 14.4 (ITU-T Rec.) H.222.1 343
  • 14.5 MHEG 344
  • 14.6 MPEG-4 345
  • 14.6.1 MPEG-4 Visual 345
  • 14.6.2 MPEG-4 Audio 346
  • 14.6.3 MPEG-4 Timed Text 349
  • 14.6.4 MPEG-4 Systems 350
  • 14.7 AVC 354.
  • 14.8 SVC 360
  • 14.9 3D Video 366
  • 14.9.1 Service Compatible and Frame Compatible 3D Video 366
  • 14.9.2 Depth or Parallax Map as Auxiliary Video Stream 369
  • 14.9.3 MVC 370
  • 14.10 JPEG 2000 Video 376
  • 14.11 Metadata 377
  • 14.12 Overview of Assigned Stream-type Values 387
  • References 389
  • 15 The Real-Time Interface for Transport Streams 391
  • Reference 396
  • 16 Relationship to Download and Streaming Over IP 397
  • 16.1 IP Networks and MPEG-2 Systems 397
  • 16.2 Streaming Over IP 397
  • 16.3 Download 400
  • 16.4 Carriage of MPEG-2 Systems Across IP Networks 400
  • 16.5 Adaptive HTTP Streaming 401
  • References 401
  • 17 MPEG-2 System Applications 403
  • 18 The Future of MPEG-2 Systems 407
  • Reference 412
  • Epilogue 413
  • Annexes 423
  • Index 427.

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