Agricultural biotechnology : strategies for national competitiveness

Agricultural biotechnology strategies for national competitiveness

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: National Research Council (U.S.).
Autor Corporativo: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on a National Strategy for Biotechnology in Agriculture (-)
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press 1987.
Edición:1st ed
Materias:
Agricultural biotechnology > United States.
Agricultural biotechnology > Government policy > United States.
Agriculture > Research > United States.
Agriculture > Research > Government policy > United States.
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009622282906719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Agricultural Biotechnology
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • 1 Executive Summary and Recommendations
  • THE INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION
  • THE POWER OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
  • STRATEGIES FOR NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
  • Research Emphasis
  • The Research System
  • New Talent
  • Applications and Commercialization
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Scientific Aspects
  • Increased Emphasis on Basic Research
  • Improved Techniques and Applications
  • Increased Attention to the Ecological Aspects of Biotechnology
  • Funding and Institutions
  • Linking and Integrating Research
  • Peer and Merit Review
  • The Federal Government's Role
  • The State Governments' Role
  • The Private Sector's Role
  • Training
  • Increased Federal Support for Training
  • Increased Retraining Programs
  • Technology Transfer
  • Roles for Universities and Government Agencies
  • Cooperative Extension Service
  • Patenting and Licensing
  • Regulation of Field Testing
  • 2 Scientific Aspects
  • THE POWER OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
  • USING GENE TRANSFER TO ENHANCE AGRICULTURE
  • Isolation of Important Genes
  • Gene Transfer Technology
  • Cell Culture and Regeneration Techniques
  • Monoclonal Antibody Technologies
  • Summary
  • NEW APPROACHES TO CROP PRODUCTION
  • The Genetic Engineering of Plants
  • Putting the New Technologies to Work
  • Looking to the Future
  • The Genetic Engineering of Microorganisms Associated with Plants
  • Putting the New Technologies to work
  • Looking to the Future
  • Genetic Engineering for Crop Protection
  • Putting the New Technologies to Work
  • Looking to the Future
  • NEW APPROACHES TO ANIMAL AGRICULTURE
  • Animal Breeding
  • Pregnancy Tests
  • Growth Hormones
  • Booroola Gene
  • Muscle versus Fat
  • Fish Farming
  • Microorganisms Associated with Animals
  • Vaccines against Animal Disease
  • Vaccines from Vaccinia Virus
  • Altering Intestinal Organisms.
  • BIOPROCESSING OPPORTUNITIES
  • Alternative Fuels
  • Alternative Feed and Food Sources
  • Other Products
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • Gene Identification
  • Gene Regulation
  • Structure and Function of Gene Products
  • Cellular Techniques
  • Development in Organisms and Communities
  • Environmental Considerations
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Increased Emphasis on Basic Research
  • Improved Techniques and Applications
  • Increased Attention to the Ecological Aspects of Biotechnology
  • 3 Funding and Institutions
  • FUNDING BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SYSTEM
  • The Federal-State Agricultural Partnership
  • Past Contributions from Agricultural Research
  • Pressures for Change
  • The Emergence of Biotechnology
  • INSTITUTIONS THAT SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
  • Federal Agencies
  • U.S. Department of Agriculture
  • Environmental Protection Agency
  • National Science Foundation
  • Department of Health and Human Services
  • Department of Energy
  • Department of Defense
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  • Agency for International Development
  • State Support of Agricultural Research
  • Private Sector
  • A Summary of Agricultural Research Funding
  • PEER REVIEW
  • REALIGNING THE SYSTEM FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY
  • Funding for Agricultural Biotechnology
  • Developing a Discovery into a Research Tool: The Cost of the Agrobacterium Ti Plasmid
  • The Federal Role
  • Integration of Agricultural Research Disciplines
  • Land-Grant Universities
  • New Institutional Forms
  • New Approaches to Agricultural Biotechnology
  • Grants for Interdisciplinary Research
  • Collaborative Groups and Exchanges
  • Large Laboratory Groups
  • Research Centers
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Linking and Integrating Research
  • Peer and Merit Review
  • The Federal Government's Role
  • The State Governments' Role
  • The Private Sector's Role
  • 4 Training
  • INTRODUCTION.
  • PERSONNEL REQUIRED FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY
  • Demand for Scientists
  • Demographic Trends
  • EDUCATION AND TRAINING
  • Programs at the U.S. Department of Agriculture
  • Predoctoral
  • Postdoctoral
  • Land-Grant System
  • The Importance of Peer Review
  • Programs at the National Science Foundation
  • Predoctoral
  • Postdoctoral
  • Summer Courses
  • Career Development
  • Programs at the National Institutes of Health
  • Extramural
  • Intramural
  • Other Government Programs
  • Private Support
  • Conclusions
  • INTERDISCIPLINARY COOPERATION
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Increased Federal Support for Training
  • Increased Retraining Programs
  • 5 Technology Transfer
  • INTRODUCTION
  • The Economic Dimension
  • UNIVERSITY, INDUSTRY, AND GOVERNMENT INTERACTIONS
  • Research Relationships in Technology Transfer
  • Consultancies
  • Education and Training
  • Grants and Contracts
  • Consortia and Research Parks
  • Technical Development Offices
  • Entrepreneurial Companies
  • Alliances Related to Agriculture
  • Cornell University Biotechnology Program
  • Pittsburgh Plate Glass/Scripps Clinic
  • Michigan Biotechnology Institute
  • North Carolina Biotechnology Center
  • New Jersey Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine
  • University of California Biotechnology Research and Education Program
  • Plant Gene Expression Center
  • Implications of Alliances and Research Relationships
  • MERGING BIOTECHNOLOGY INTO AGRICULTURE
  • Land-Grant Universities
  • Cooperative State Extension Service
  • Regulation and Field Testing
  • PATENTING AND LICENSING
  • Patents and the Federal Government
  • The National Technical Information Service
  • Patents and Universities
  • Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
  • Columbia University Science and Technology Development Office
  • Revenues from Licenses
  • Biotechnology Patenting Activity
  • Nonpatented Intellectual Property
  • Conclusions.
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Roles for Universities and Government Agencies
  • Cooperative Extension Service
  • Patenting and Licensing
  • Regulation of Environmental Testing
  • SUMMARY
  • References
  • Appendix Gene Transfer Methods Applicable to Agricultural Organisms
  • INTRODUCTION
  • General Considerations
  • DIRECT DNA UPTAKE
  • Chemical Treatments
  • Electroporation
  • DNA MICROINJECTION
  • Animals
  • Plants
  • CELL FUSION
  • Animal Cells
  • Plant Cells
  • VECTOR-MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER
  • Animal Viruses
  • SV40 and Adenovirus
  • Bovine Papilloma Virus
  • Vaccinia Virus
  • Retroviruses
  • Baculoviruses
  • Plant Viruses
  • Cauliflower Mosaic Virus
  • Geminiviruses
  • RNA Viruses
  • Transposable Elements
  • The Ti Plasmid
  • Fungal and Bacterial Plasmids
  • PROSPECTS
  • REFERENCES
  • Index.

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