Trends in the early careers of life scientists

Trends in the early careers of life scientists

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor Corporativo: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Dimensions, Causes, and Implications of Recent Trends in the Careers of Life Scientists (-)
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington, DC : National Academy Press 1998.
Edición:1st ed
Materias:
Life scientists > Employment > United States.
Life scientists > Training of > United States.
Life sciences > Vocational guidance > United States.
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009622058006719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Trends in the Early Careers of Life Scientists
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Executive Summary
  • CHARGE
  • FINDINGS
  • IMPLICATIONS
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • The Impact of Foreign Nationals
  • Responsibility for Effecting Change
  • 1 Introduction
  • A CAPSULE HISTORY OF AMERICAN RESEARCH IN THE LIFE SCIENCES
  • THE STRUCTURE OF THE LIFE-SCIENCE ENTERPRISE
  • THE SHAPE OF GRADUATE EDUCATION
  • THE POSTDOCTORAL EXPERIENCE
  • THE PURSUIT OF A JOB
  • THE PURSUIT OF RESEARCH SUPPORT
  • THE CHARACTER OF THE RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT
  • REFERENCES
  • 2 Education and Research Training of Life-Science PHDS
  • PHDS AWARDED IN THE LIFE SCIENCES
  • TIME REQUIRED TO ATTAIN THE PHD
  • POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING
  • LENGTH OF POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING
  • FIELD AND OTHER DIFFERENCES
  • SUMMARY
  • REFERENCES
  • 3 Early-Career Employment Profiles of Life-Science PHDS
  • FACULTY POSITIONS
  • EMPLOYMENT IN GOVERNMENT
  • POSITIONS IN INDUSTRY
  • OTHER EMPLOYMENT
  • POSTDOCTORAL APPOINTMENTS
  • INVOLVEMENT IN RESEARCH
  • UNEMPLOYMENT AND UNDER USE
  • CAREER PATTERNS OF WOMEN AND MEN
  • GRADUATES OF TOP-RATED INSTITUTIONS
  • FIELD DIFFERENCES
  • DISCUSSION
  • REFERENCES
  • 4 Opportunities, Constraints, and Future Needs
  • EXCITING EMERGING FIELDS OF INQUIRY IN THE LIFE SCIENCES
  • Neuroscience
  • Gene Therapy
  • Structural Biology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Environmental Issues
  • Biologic Control of Plant Pests
  • Aquaculture
  • PROSPECTS FOR RESEARCH FUNDING
  • CHANGES FACING HIGHER EDUCATION
  • Changes in the Financing of Undergraduate Education
  • Difficulties in Recovering the Costs of Externally Supported Research
  • Changes in Retention and Hiring of Faculty
  • Changes in Academic Health Centers
  • Changes in Research and Instruction Dealing with Agriculture and Natural Resources
  • CHANGES FACING INDUSTRY
  • Doing the Most with the Fewest.
  • Mergers and Outsourcing
  • Applied vs. Fundamental Research
  • TRENDS IN GOVERNMENT
  • THE DIVERSITY AND SPECTRUM OF CAREERS FOR LIFE-SCIENCE PHDS
  • Academic-Career Trends
  • Comprehensive Bachelors and Masters Degree Granting Institutions
  • Two-Year and Community Colleges
  • Secondary Schools
  • Trends in Law, Journalism, and Other Fields
  • REFERENCES
  • 5 Implications of the Findings
  • CHANGING CAREER PROSPECTS FOR LIFE-SCIENCE PHDS
  • CHANGES IN THE RESEARCH AND TRAINING ENTERPRISE
  • IS THERE A PROBLEM? AN ANALYSIS FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES
  • Administrators and Established Researchers
  • Funding Agencies
  • Incoming Graduate Students
  • Senior Graduate Students
  • Postdoctoral Fellows
  • Young Investigators
  • The American People
  • THE CRISIS OF EXPECTATION
  • FACTORS AFFECTING THE FUTURE VITALITY OF THE LIFE-SCIENCE ENTERPRISE
  • Number of Aspirants
  • Balance Between Research Training and Employment Opportunities
  • STRATEGIES FOR OPTIMIZING GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING
  • Maximizing the Return on Funds Invested in Training
  • The Problem of Time to Degree
  • EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS OF YOUNG LIFE SCIENTISTS
  • REFERENCES
  • 6 Conclusions and Recommendations
  • RESTRAINT OF THE RATE OF GROWTH OF THE NUMBER OF GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES
  • DISSEMINATION OF ACCURATE INFORMATION ON THE CAREER PROSPECTS OF YOUNG LIFE SCIENTISTS
  • IMPROVEMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES
  • ENHANCEMENT OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR INDEPENDENCE OF POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS
  • ALTERNATIVE PATHS TO CAREERS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES
  • THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN NATIONALS
  • RESPONSIBILITY FOR EFFECTING CHANGE
  • An Alternative Perspective on Recommendation 3
  • Appendix A Biographic Information
  • Appendix B Participants in Public Meeting
  • SPEAKERS
  • ATTENDED OR SUBMITTED PAPERS
  • Appendix C Sources of Data.
  • NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
  • Survey of Earned Doctorates
  • Data Considerations
  • Survey of Doctorate Recipients
  • Data Considerations
  • NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION SURVEY OF GRADUATE STUDENTS AND POSTDOCTORATES IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
  • Data Considerations
  • Association of American Medical Colleges Medical Faculty Roster System
  • Appendix D Doctoral Fields Included for Data Analysis
  • AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
  • BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
  • HEALTH SCIENCES
  • RELATED SCIENCES
  • Appendix E Data Tables for Chapter 2
  • Appendix F Data Tables for Chapter 3
  • Appendix G Getting Started on the World Wide Web: Web Sites of Interest to Young Scientists
  • SITES WITH A FOCUS ON YOUNG SCIENTISTS
  • NETWORKING AND EDUCATION SITES
  • SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES
  • NATIONAL AND LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS OF GRADUATE STUDENTS AND POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS
  • GOVERNMENT SITES
  • CAREER INFORMATION (JOB LISTINGS AND RELATED INFORMATION)
  • NEWS GROUPS. FORUMS FOR DISCUSSION.

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