Bragg gratings History of engineering & technology Mach-Zehnder interferometers Silicon Photonics WDM transmitter amorphous silicon oxycarbide carrier plasma chemical vapor deposition defect dispersion control electrostatic actuator frequency combs germanium heterogeneous integration integrated optics integrated photonics integrated polarimeter integrated silicon photonic circuits light emitting diode micro-platform microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mode-locked lasers modulator multimode interferometer nanophononics nitrogen doping nonlinear optics off-chip coupling optical interconnects optical switch