CCD ion sensor CMOS technology Corynebacterium glutamicum DNA biosensor E. coli Escherichia coli InGaN/GaN epilayer LAPS Lactobacillus brevis Research & information: general ZnO nanorod arrays bioactive cations cell imaging cellular metabolism chemical imaging chemical imaging sensor crevice corrosion crevice gap differential cell-based measurement extracellular acidification field-effect sensor ink-jet printing label-free detection light-activated electrochemistry light-addressable cell stimulation and photoelectrochemistry light-addressable electrode light-addressable potentiometric sensor light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) microfluidics multi-analyte analysis