Al2O3-coated particles Co–Ni coating HVOF MoS2 particles Ni–Co TiO2 WS2 aluminum alloy anodization carbon steel chemical etching chemical stability corrosion protection corrosion resistance damped harmonic oscillation dynamic characteristics electrochemical deposition electrochemical surface engineering electrodeposition electroless composite coating empirical formula of friction coefficient etching ferrofluid drop friction and wear behaviour hydrophobicity low friction lubrication performance magnetic field mechanical durability micro-arc oxidation