2D local control BSCF CFD CH4 internal reforming IT-SOFC Ohmic resistance PEM fuel cell Raman spectroscopy Research & information: general Rietveld refinement SOEC SOFC Sm-doped ceria Technology: general issues activation energy active site degradation alkaline water electrolysis anodic overpotential cell design optimization concentration polarization contamination cyclic current profile diamond anvil cell doped ceria equation of state fuel cell application glass-ceramic high pressure X-ray powder diffraction hydrogen consumption scenarios hydrogen production