Li2CO3 Technology: general issues ZSM-5 zeolite anion exchange membranes antifouling strategies bipolar membrane bipolar membrane electrodialysis brine valorisation cation-exchange membrane computational fluid dynamics current-voltage curve effect of the breakdown of the space charge electro-membrane process electrochemical intercalation deintercalation electroconvection electrodeionisation electrodialysis electrodialysis metathesis electrodialysis reversal energy storage factorial design flow battery galvanodynamic regime high Mg/Li brine ion-exchange membrane mathematical modelling membrane process membrane systems mixed matrix membrane monovalent cation separation