CS-MUSI Chemometrics Cramer–Rao lower bound HSI for biology Hyperspectral imaging PLSR PZT Raman Raman hyperspectral imaging Raman spectroscopy Virginia Coast Reserve Long Term Ecological Research (VCR LTER) age determination alternating direction method of multipliers bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) black polymers blood detection chemical imaging classification coastal dynamics compressive detection compressive sensing deep learning diabetic foot ulcer digital elevation model digital light processor (DLP) digital micromirror device (DMD) disease detection fingerprints fluorescence fluorescence hyperspectral imaging