ERA-Interim reanalysis Irene Mann-Kendall Northern Eurasia PM10 PM2.5 Research & information: general UV resources chemical–climate model climate change cloudiness decision tree model discontinuities in reanalysis time series empirical wavelet transform (EWT) erythemal radiation forcing forecasting horizontal-trough human health long short-term memory networks (LSTM) merra ozone data modeling natural and anthropogenic factors nitrogen dioxide numerical modeling ozone ozone decline ozone enhancement ozone exceedance ozone layer evolution