Ugolino Martelli

Ugolino Martelli (1860–1934) was an Italian botanist, biologist, and mycologist. Martelli is known for his studies of and contributions to the systematics of the tropical genus ''Pandanus'' and his taxonomic definition of the flora of Sardinia. He also specialized in studies of the flora of Tuscany and Malaysia.

Martelli's biological research led to the discovery of ''Felis lunensis'' (Martelli's Cat), an extinct felid of the subfamily Felinae. The holotype specimen was first described by Martelli in 1906 and is now preserved in the collections of the University of Florence in Italy.

His student Odoardo Beccari, used Martelli's herbarium for his own research on the definition of the monocot genus ''Pandanus''.

Martelli was the director of the Botanical Garden of Pisa from 1929 to 1930.

In 1905 in Florence, Martelli founded the ''Webbia Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography''. Martelli named the journal in honor of Philip Barker Webb (1793–1854), a friend of Filippo Parlatore.

The genus ''Martellidendron'' in the family Pandanaceae, previously recognized as a section of the genus ''Pandanus'', was separated in 2003 on the basis of phylogenetic studies that used chloroplast DNA sequence data. The genus was originally named by Rodolfo Emilio Giuseppe Pichi-Sermolli in Martelli's honour.

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