FEM FSSI-CAS 2D Himalayan orogeny Principal stress rotation RANS equations Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokesequations South China Sea Technology: general issues ambient vibration artificial neural network (ANN) bottom-supported foundation bridge scour buoyancy buried pipeline cable-stayed bridge coastal-embankment slope current velocity damage statistical constitutive model dense seabed foundation discrete element simulation dynamic loading dynamic responses field application field test giant submarine landslides groundwater fluctuation hydrate-bearing sediments hypoplastic model identification immersed tunnel