AC current injection CFD simulations Coulombic efficiency DRT by time domain data Doyle-Fuller-Newman model EIS Li-ion battery Research & information: general SEM+EDX acetyltributylcitrate additive artificial intelligence artificial neural network battery efficiency battery energy storage battery management system battery model battery monitoring battery sizing battery thermal management systems bi-directional control cell thickness charger degradation mechanisms digital twin direct recycling disassembly disassembly planner design disassembly strategy optimization distribution network