actinides alkali borosilicate glass americium borosilicate glass corrosion burnup credit caesium phosphomolybdate ceramics cesium cesium adsorbed chlorine conditioning corrosion criticality safety crystalline ceramics durability forward dissolution rate fractional release geological repository geopolymer glass glass composite materials hazardous water heavy ion irradiation immobilisation immobilization in situ fluid-cell Raman spectroscopy inorganic synthesis iodine lanthanum layered double hydroxides LDH