CNT Cu2−xS Hall-Petch law History of engineering & technology Technology: general issues air nanobubbles assembly atomic force microscopy beam carbon nanotube-reinforced composite cement-based composites and nanocomposites conducting carbon black network dendrochronology developed Galerkin method dynamic analysis elastic foundations electrical properties electromagnetic interference shielding extended modified couple stress theory forced vibration functionally graded material graphene nanoplatelets harmonic load heating from friction hydrogen evolution reaction hyperelastic micro/nanobeam hyperelastic microcantilever interfacial interaction mechanical properties mechanical property