CMOS biosensor GMR sensor History of engineering & technology Microsoft Excel Navier–Stokes Poiseuille flow Taylor dispersion acoustofluidics aminoglycosides biomolecules biosensor cavitation colorimetry conformational states diagnostic dielectrophoretic immobilization droplet dynamic flow finite difference method hybrid integration initiation of flow lab-on-chip microdroplets microfluidic microfluidic probe microfluidics micromixing numerical techniques optical absorbance opto-mechanics